基于AT89S52单片机的步进电机控制
摘 要：步进电动机由于用其组成的控制系统既简单、廉价、低噪音、响应快、速度位移控制精准，又非常稳定可靠，因此在办公自动化设备、数控系统以及各种控制装置等众多领域有着极其广泛的应用。
文章以单片机AT89S52为控制核心，通过单片机的I／O口输出的具有时序的脉冲信号作为步进电机的控制信号，实现了步进电机的速度控制。本设计在AT89S52单片机最小系统的基础上，外扩驱动芯片ULN2003A作为步进电机的驱动电路、外扩3个按键以及红外线来实现对步进电机的状态控制、外扩发光二极管显示步进电机的正反转、外扩数码管显示电机运行速度的大小。在硬件设计的基础上，通过在keil下进行软件编程，最终完成了基于单片机的步进电机的控制系统设计。
本文从硬件和软件两个方面对基于单片机的步进电机的控制进行了详细的介绍，最后给出了调试过程和PROTEUS仿真图，该设计具有设计成熟、简单可靠、稳定性高等特点。
关键词：步进电机，脉冲，驱动机构，单片机，转动
The stepping motor control system based on AT89S52 MCU
Abstract：Stepper motor because of the open-loop system composed of simple, cheap, low noise, fast response speed, displacement control precision, it is very stable and reliable, therefore in the office automation equipment, CNC system and various control devices and many other fields have a wide range of applications.
This paper introduces a singlechip stepper motor control design, AT89S52 single-chip computer to control the stepping motor, SCM through the I / O port with the output timing of the pulse signal as a stepper motor control signal, the design uses 3 keys and infrared ray to realize the stepper motor state control, through the microcontroller, motor drive chip ULN2003A, the corresponding keys and the infrared remote controller to realize the above function, stepping motor positive and negative conversion of light-emitting diode display, its running speed to a certain level in the digital tube display.
This paper describes the stepper motor, infrared control and microcomputer principle, system block diagram, hardware circuit, program flow, and the entire system in the debugging process of the problems encountered and their solutions. The design is simple and reliable, sophisticated design, high stability.
Key words: stepping motor pulse，driving mechanism， single chip microcomputer，rotation
