摘要

随着运输业的发展，整体式重型汽车在实际应用中越来越广泛，而整体式重型汽车的转向系是实现汽车灵活转向以及减小轮胎磨损的重要机构。本文着重介绍了整体式转向机构的转向梯形，推导了整体式转向梯形的空间运动关系式，优化了转向梯形的设计模型。通过对汽车整体式转向梯形进行合理设计，尽可能地保证汽车在转向过程中全部车轮均绕同一个瞬时转向中心行驶，使在不同圆周上运动的车轮，作无滑动的纯滚动运动。使汽车操纵稳定性，行驶稳定性得到极大的改善。

本次设计利用solidworks2012软件和数学建模方法研究汽车转向梯形的优化方案并得出合适参数及实物设计图。所设计的转向梯形机构用来保证汽车转弯行驶时所有车轮能绕一个瞬时转向中心，在不同的圆周上做无滑动的纯滚动。利用sollidworks2012及建模软件设计出整套的零件图和参数。根据这些参数选出最好的优化方案。

关键词：整体式；转向梯形；运动学分析；sollidworks；优化

Abstract

With the development of transportation industry, integrated heavy duty vehicles are more and more widely used in practice, and the steering system of integrated heavy duty vehicles is an important mechanism to realize flexible steering and reduce tire wear.This paper introduces the steering trapezoid of the integral steering mechanism, deduces the spatial motion relation of the integral steering trapezoid, and optimizes the design model of the steering trapezoid.Through the reasonable design of the integral steering trapezoid of the automobile, it is possible to ensure that all the wheels of the vehicle travel around the same instantaneous steering center in the steering process, so that the wheels moving on different circles make a pure rolling motion without sliding.Make the car operate stable, OK The driving stability has been greatly improved.

In this design, solidworks2012 software and mathematical modeling method are used to study the optimization scheme of automobile steering trapezoid, and the appropriate parameters and physical design drawings are obtained.The steering trapezoid mechanism is designed to ensure that all wheels can rotate around a single instantaneous steering center when the vehicle is turning and make pure rolling without sliding on different circles.Using sollidworks2012 and modeling software to design a complete set of part drawings and parameters.According to these parameters, the best optimization scheme is selected.

Keywords: integral; steering trapezoid; kinematics analysis; optimization