摘 要
"烃"就是碳、氢两种元素以不同的比例混合而成的一系列物质。其中较轻的部分，就叫做轻烃。分离操作在化工生产中占有举足轻重的作用，分离操作一方面为化学反应提供符合质量要求的原料，清除对反应或催化剂有害的杂质，减少副反应和提高效率，另一反面对反应产物起着分离提纯的作用，以得到合格的产品，并使未反应得反应物得以循环利用。
本设计主要针对轻烃：丙烷、异丁烷、正丁烷、异戊烷、正戊烷、正己烷。选择出合适的轻烃馏分，根据原料组成及产品指标要求，调优出合理分离序列。 通过计算理论塔板数、回流比、塔的操作压力、操作温度、产品流率、塔高、塔径， 确定了填料塔的填料和板式塔F型浮阀塔板。
关键词：轻烃；分离；精馏；设计
ABSTRACT
"Hydrocarbon" is the percentage of carbon, hydrogen, two kinds of elements in different mixture of a series of material. The lighter part, is called light hydrocarbons. Separation operation occupies important role in chemical production, the separation of operation on the one hand provide meet the requirements of the quality of raw materials for chemical reactions, remove harmful impurities or catalyst in the reaction, reduce side effects and improve the efficiency, the other's face reaction product separation and purification plays a role, in order to get qualified products, and to recycle did not response to the reactants.
This design mainly for light hydrocarbon, propane, isobutane, n-butane, isopentane, is pentane, isohexane. Choose the appropriate light hydrocarbon fractions, in accordance with the requirements of raw material composition and product indicators, tuning out the reasonable separation sequence. By calculating the theoretical plate number, reflux ratio, operational pressure of the tower, operation temperature, product flow rate, high tower, tower diameter, to determine the packed tower packing and plate column F type float valve tray, and checking calculation of plate hydraulics.
Keywords: Lighter hydrocarbon; Abruption; Distillation; Design
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