摘 要
现代化工工业最常用的技术之一便是轻烃分离技术，因此研究轻烃分离技术是至关重要。而精馏又是分离液体混合物最常用的一种单元操作，在化工、炼油、石油化工等工业中具有广泛应用。本装置通过分离丙烷、异丁烷、正丁烷、异戊烷、异己烷、正己烷而得到液化气、异戊烷和正戊烷。混合戊烷在我国的储量与液化石油气产量相当，作为一次能源替代液化气、柴油、电等二次能源，对优化我国能源结构，提高能源利用效率，作为天然气投入产出不经济市场的有益补充，具有重要的战略意义和现实意义。
可以通过三个塔根据挥发度的不同以及产品的要求实现分离，设计包括精馏塔的工艺流程设计、物料衡算、热量衡算、塔体设计、设备计算及选型。对板式塔，采用了F型浮阀塔板，并进行了塔板水力学的校核计算。得到了比较理想的工艺流程及设备选用。
关键词：轻烃分离；混合戊烷；设计
ABSTRACT
Technology of light hydrocarbon separation technology is one of the most commonly used is important now, separation of light hydrocarbon. Distillation separation is the most common unit operation in liquid mixtures,is widely used in chemical industry,oil refining, petrochemical and other industries. The device through the separation of propane, n-butane, isobutane, pentane, hexane, hexane and liquefied gas, i-Pentane and n-pentane. Pentane hydrocarbon mixture is in China's reserves and liquefied petroleum gas production, as an alternative energy of liquefied gas, diesel, electricity and other two energy, to optimize China's energy structure, improving energy efficiency, asa useful supplement to natural gas input and output is not the economic market, has important strategic and practical significance.
According to the volatility and different product requirements can be met by threetowers to achieve separation, this design including distillation process design, materialbalance, heat balance calculation, design, calculation and selection of tower equipment.On the plate, the F type float valve tray, calculation and check of tower plate hydraulics. The process flow and equipment ideal selection.
Keywords: Light hydrocarbon separation; Mixed pentane; Process design
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