目 录
中文摘要 1
英文摘要 2
1 绪论 3
1.1 引言 3
1.2 课题的来源及研究意义 3
1.3 国内外研究现状 4
1.3.1 有限元在锻造中的研究与应用 4
1.3.2 转向直臂的工艺方法 4
1.4 论文的主要研究内容 5
2 工艺分析及三维造型 6
2.1 6700转向直臂的结构特点 6
2.2 6700转向直臂的工艺分析 7
2.3 冷锻件的三维造型 7
3 锻造模具的设计 9
3.1 热锻件模型的建立 9
3.2 设计终锻模膛 9
3.2.1 设计飞边 9
3.2.2 模锻相关参数 10
3.2.3 计算原坯料尺寸 13
3.2.4 终锻模膛的三维造型 15
3.3 设计开式拔长型腔 16
3.3.1 计算毛坯繁重系数 16
3.3.2 拔长开式型腔的设计 17
3.4 设计开式滚压模膛 19
3.4.1 开式滚压模膛参数的计算 19
3.4.2 滚压模膛的二维平面图 19
3.4.3 滚压模膛的三维造型 20
3.5 设计闭式滚压模膛 21
3.5.1 闭式滚压模膛参数的计算 21
3.5.2 闭式滚压模膛的三维造型 22
4 有限元模拟及结果分析 23
4.1 确定模拟方案 23
4.2 方案一（采用开式滚压模膛） 23
4.2.1 材料利用率 23
4.2.2 圆棒料A 24
4.2.3 圆棒料B 30
4.2.4 圆棒料C 33
4.3 方案二（采用闭式滚压模膛） 34
4.3.1 整根拔长+闭式滚压+终锻 34
4.3.2 两端拔长+闭式滚压+终锻 35
4.3.3 拔长+两次闭式滚压+终锻 37
4.4 有限元分析 38
4.4.1 应力应变场分析 38
4.4.2 速度场分析 39
总结 40
致谢 41
参考文献 42
转向直臂6700锻造工艺设计及研究
摘要：汽车转向直臂是汽车前桥上的关键部件，其质量直接决定了车辆行驶的安全性因此对机械性能和外形结构的要求很高。转向直臂外形复杂，制造难度大，市场对转向直臂的需求量不断增加，采用新型工艺，高效、节能地生产出高质量的转向节，是各转向节供应商追求的目标。本文以6700 转向直臂为研究对象，对转向节进行结构分析，确定锻造成型工艺为下料—拔长—滚压—终锻，并根据该工艺，设计制坯、终锻模膛；建立转向直臂成型过程的三维模型，利用有限元分析软件对转向直臂成形进行分析，并对制坯工步与终锻过程进行模拟，观察锻件成型情况；对制坯、终锻过程进行数值模拟，分析了金属在模具型腔中的流动情况、应力应变场和温度场的分布规律。本研究最终得到合理的汽车转向节锻造工艺参数，对生产实际有现实指导价值。
关键词：锻造，转向直臂，成形工艺，有限元
Abstract：Steering arm is one of the important parts and a safety part of the cars and the trucks. The quality of the steering arm directly determines the safety of the driveling, so the requirement of its mechanical performance and structure is very strict. With the complex appearance, it is difficult to manufacture steering arm. And as the quantity demanded of knuckle is increasing, the pursuit of the objectives of each company which supply the steering arm is how to produce high-quality steering arm in highly active and energy saving method. In this paper, the HF6700 steering arm, which is the key part of the JAC light trucks, is the object to study on, and the main research contents are: To Analyze the structure of knuckle and to give the forming craft base on the feature. The specific craft is cutting → stretching→ rolling →final-forging. Then design the die structure of the craft above. A three-dimensional model for forming about the 6700 steering arm was established, and the process of the steering arm was analyzed with the FEM software. The simulations of the processes of making-billet and finish-forging were carried on, and the result of the forging was investigated. The flow rule in die impression and regularities of distribution for forming force, stress field, strain field and temperature field were all analyzed after simulation of process of rolling and final -forging.
The processing parameters of steering arm have been concluded properly, and the conclusion is valuable to the actual practical guidance.
Keywords：Automobile Steering arm, FEM, Die Forging, Forging Process
