摘 要
为有效解决红枣去核切片机存在的切片厚度不均、破碎率高、枣核残留等问题，同时应对红枣精深加工过程中劳动强度大、自动化程度低、造碎率大等技术难题，本研究设计了一种新型红枣去核切片一体机。该一体机能够一次性完成红枣的自动定向排序、夹紧、去核以及切片等多道工序。具体而言，采用槽轮机构实现间歇上料、夹紧与切片操作；通过定向传送链、毛刷和摩擦板的相互作用达成红枣的定向排序；利用两排平行放置的链实现红枣的定位与夹紧；去核装置运用对心曲柄滑块机构；切片则采用刀具固定、刀槽式送料轮旋转的方式。经实际测试，所设计的新型红枣去核切片机的有序上料率超过 95%，去核与切片的破碎率低于 5%。该设备具有结构简单、定向效果佳、制造费用低、生产率高以及适应性强等显著优势。
关键词：红枣；去核切片一体机；间歇上料；定向排序；破碎率
Abstract
To effectively address the issues of uneven slice thickness, high breakage rate, and residual pits in jujube pitting and slicing machines, as well as tackle the technical challenges such as high labor intensity, low automation level, and high breakage rate in the deep - processing of jujubes, this study has designed a new type of integrated jujube pitting and slicing machine. This machine can complete multiple processes, including automatic directional sorting, clamping, pitting, and slicing of jujubes, in a single operation. Specifically, a Geneva mechanism is employed to achieve intermittent feeding, clamping, and slicing. The directional sorting of jujubes is accomplished through the interaction of a directional conveyor chain, brushes, and friction plates. The positioning and clamping of jujubes are realized using two parallel rows of chains. The pitting device utilizes a centered slider - crank mechanism, while slicing is carried out by fixing the cutting tool and rotating a notched feeding wheel. Practical tests have shown that the ordered feeding rate of the newly designed integrated jujube pitting and slicing machine exceeds 95%, and the breakage rate for pitting and slicing is less than 5%. This equipment boasts significant advantages, including a simple structure, excellent directional sorting effect, low manufacturing cost, high productivity, and strong adaptability.
Key words: Red jujubes; Integrated pitting and slicing machine; Intermittent feeding; Directional sorting; Breakage rate
