外文资料翻译
Mechatronics and Its Applications
Abstract The electromechanical integration technology for the changing face of the machinery manufacturing industry has played an important role, and describe its application in the steel industry and trends.
Keywords Mechatronics Technology
1 Mechatronics Technology
Mechatronics is a mechanical, microelectronics, control, computer, information processing multidisciplinary integration, its development and progress depends on the progress and development of related technologies, the main development direction of the digital, intelligent, modular, network , humanity, miniaturization, integration with source-based and green.
1.1 Digital
Microcontroller and its development has laid a foundation for digital electronic products, such as the continuous development of CNC machine tools and robots; and the rapid rise of computer networks for digital design and manufacturing, paving the way, such as virtual design, computer integrated manufacturing. Required mechanical and electrical integration of digital software products with high reliability, operability, maintainability, self-diagnosis capabilities, and friendly interface. Will facilitate the realization of digital remote control, diagnosis and repair.
1.2 Intelligent
Requiring mechanical and electrical products have a certain intelligence, that it have similar logical thinking, reasoning, independent decision-making capacity. CNC machine tools such as an increase in man-machine conversation function, set the smart I / O interface and smart technology database, will the use, operation and maintenance of great convenience. With fuzzy control, neural network, gray theory, wavelet theory, artificial intelligence techniques such as chaos and bifurcation of the progress and development, development of mechatronics opened up a vast world.
1.3 modular
As mechatronics many product categories and manufacturers, research and development of a standard mechanical interface, power interface, the environment interface unit module mechatronic products is a complex and promising work. Such as the development of a set of slow, one of the power frequency conversion motor drive unit; has the vision, image processing, identification and ranging functions such as motor integrated control unit. Thus, in product development, design, modular units can use these standards to develop new products quickly.
1.4 Network
As the network's popular Web-based remote control and monitoring of various technologies in the ascendant. The remote control of the terminal equipment itself Jiushi mechatronic products, field bus and LAN technology to home appliance network as possible, use of family networks into the Ge Zhong Jiayongdianqi Lianjie to Jisuan Ji-centric computer integrated appliance system, and let people high-tech home can fully enjoy the benefits of all kinds, so no doubt mechatronic product development towards the direction of the network.
1.5 human
Mechatronic product end-use is people, how to give people mechatronic product intelligence, emotions and human nature are increasingly important in electromechanical integration products in addition to improved performance, but also require color, shape and other aspects and the environment, use of these products on people, or a kind of art to enjoy, such as household robots is the highest state of man-machine integration.
1.6 Miniaturization
Micro-fine processing technology is the necessity of the development is the need to improve efficiency. MEMS (Micro Electronic Mechanical Systems, referred to as MEMS) is available in volume production, set mini-institutions, micro-sensors, micro actuators and signal processing and control circuit, until the interface, communication and power is equal to one micro-devices or systems. Since 1986, Stanford University developed the first medical micro-probe, 1988, University of California, Berkeley campus developed the first micro-motor has been abroad in MEMS technology, micro-mechanics of materials, and has made great progress in developing various MEMS devices and systems, such as various micro-sensors (pressure sensors, micro-accelerometers, micro-tactile sensor), various micro-elements (micro-film, micro-beam, micro-probes, micro link, micro gears, micro bearings, micro pump, micro springs and micro robots, etc.).
1.7 Integration
I ntegration of various technologies including both mutual penetration, integration and optimization of various products with different structures and composite, but also included in the production process in the treatment of processing, assembly, testing, management and other processes. In order to achieve variety and small batch production of automation and high efficiency, the system should have a wider range of flexibility. First, the system can be decomposed into several levels, make the system functionally diversified, and enabled partial reconciliation without security Di Yunzhuan, then Zai through software and hardware to link the Ge Ge level together organically, the properties of the optimal, most powerful.
1.8 with source of
Mechatronics refers to the product itself with energy such as solar batteries, fuel cells and high-capacity battery. Since energy can not be used on many occasions, so the movement of mechanical and electrical integration products, own power source has a unique advantage. Source is the mechanical and electrical integration with product development directions.
1.9 Green
The development of science and technology has brought tremendous changes in people's lives, rich in material resources but also bring about reduction of the ecological consequences of environmental degradation. Therefore, it calls for protection of the environment, return to nature and achi the concept of green products in this voice emerged. Green products is the low power, low-consumption, low pollution, comfortable, coordinated and can be recycled products. In its design, manufacture, use and destruction should be environmentally friendly and human health requirements, mechanical and electrical integration of green products is predominantly refers to its use Bu Wuranshengtai Huan Jing, product life end, the product can be decomposed He recycled.
2 Mechatronics applications in iron and steel enterprises
In the iron and steel enterprises, mechatronics system is based on the microprocessor core, the computer, industrial computer, data communication, display devices, instruments and other techniques of combining organic and, combined with assembly means, for the realization of an integrated large scale engineering systems integration to create strong conditions to enhance the control precision, quality and reliability. Mechatronics mainly used in iron and steel enterprises in the following areas:
2.1 Intelligent Control (IC)
As the steel industry has a large, high-speed and continuous characteristics, the traditional control techniques have encountered insurmountable difficulties, so it is necessary to adopt intelligent control technology. Intelligent control technology include expert systems, fuzzy control and neural networks, intelligent control technology is widely used in iron and steel product design, production, control, diagnostic equipment and product quality and other aspects, such as blast furnace control systems, electric furnace and continuous casting plant , steel rolling system, steel casting --- --- integrated scheduling system rolling, cold rolling and so on.
2.2 Distributed Control System (DCS)
Distributed control system uses a central computer control command for a number of field monitoring and control station computers, and intelligent control unit. Distributed control system can be two, and three or more levels. Use computers to concentrate on monitoring the production process, operation, management and decentralized control. With the development of measurement and control technology, distributed control systems more and more powerful. Can not only control the production process, but also allows online optimization, the production process real-time scheduling, production planning statistical management functions, into a test, control, possession of a comprehensive system integration. Diversification of DCS control with features, easy operation, the system can be expanded, easy maintenance and reliability. DCS is to monitor the centralized control of decentralized, fault affected area is small, and the system has a chain of protection, using the system failure manually control operations measures to the system reliability. Distributed control system and centralized control system compared to the more powerful, higher security. Mechatronic systems is currently the principal large-scale trend.
2.3 Open Control System (OCS)
Open Control System (Open Control System) is the development of computer technology leading to new structural system concept. "Open" means a standard information exchange protocols for consensus and support, this standard design system that can achieve different manufacturers products, compatibility and exchange, and resource sharing. Open control system through the communications network to a variety of industrial control equipment, management, computer interconnection, for control and management, management, decision-making integration, through the field bus control room to field instrumentation and control equipment, interconnection, measurement and control to achieve integration.
2.4 Computer Integrated Manufacturing System (CIMS)
Iron and steel enterprise CIMS is people and production management, production management and process control fused to achieve from the raw material into the plant, production and processing to product delivery process throughout the production process of global integration and control. Current iron and steel enterprises have basically achieved the automation, but this "islands of automation"-style stand-alone automated lack of information resource focus of future competition in iron and steel enterprises are many varieties, small volume, low price, timely delivery. eve sustainable development, In order to improve productivity, save energy, reduce personnel and existing inventory, accelerate cash flow, production, operation, management overall optimization, the key is to strengthen the management, access to economic benefits, improve the competitiveness of enterprises. United States, Japan and some large-scale iron and steel enterprises in the 20th century has been widely realized 80 years of CIMS.
2.5 Fieldbus Technology (FBT)
Fieldbus Technology (Fied Bus Technology) is the connection settings set in the field of instrumentation and control equipment in the control room between the digital, bi-directional, multi-station communication link. Use of fieldbus technology to replace the existing signal transmission technologies (such as 4 ~ 20mA, DC DC transmission) so that more information can be intelligent field instrumentation devices and higher-level control system of communication between the media on a common two-way transmission. Field bus connections can be saved by 66% or more field signal wiring. DCS Fieldbus lead changes and the introduction of a new generation of automated systems around the open field bus of instruments, such as smart transmitters, smart actuators, field bus-based instrumentation, fieldbus-based PLC (Programmable Logic Controller) and field-site control stations and other development.
2.6 AC drive technology
Transmission technology in the steel industry played a vital role to make. With the power electronics and microelectronics technology, the development of AC is very fast. As the superiority of AC drive, electric drive technology in the near future replace the DC by the AC drive transmission, the development of digital technology to make sophisticated vector control technology to achieve practical, AC variable speed system speed performance have reached and exceeded DC converter level. Now, both small and medium-capacity high-capacity motor or motors can be used to achieve synchronous motor or asynchronous motor speed reversible smooth. AC drive system in rolling production appeared to be welcomed b continue to expand. s sharing and unified management of the production process, difficult to adapt to the modern iron and steel production.
The References
1 Yang from thick. Artificial Intelligence technology and its application in the steel industry [J]. Metallurgical Industry Automation, 1994 (5)
2 Li-Xin Tang. Iron and steel industry characteristics and architecture of CIMS research [J]. Metallurgical Industry Automation, 1996 (4)
3 Tang Huaibin. Progress and trends in industrial control [J]. Automation and Instrumentation, 1996 (4)
4 Jun-Pu. Intelligent Control [M]. Hefei: China Science and Technology University Press, 1996
Xin Lin line 5. The progress of iron and steel industrial automation and prospects [J]. Hebei Metallurgy, 1998 (1)
6, Ji-Ying Yin. Practical optical electromechanical integration technology [M]. Beijing: Chemical Industry Press, 2003
7 Rui Nian. Mechatronic system design [M]. Beijing: Mechanical Industry Press, 2004.
