纵轴流式水稻联合收割机脱粒系统结构设计

学    生：吴梓高

指导老师：吴明亮

(湖南农业大学工学院，长沙 410128)

摘  要:本文简述了国内、外联合收割机的研究现状和典型脱粒分离装置的工作原理。通过查阅资料了解水稻的农艺、形态参数。通过对比方式选择出钉齿-栅格凹板-顶盖导向板脱粒分离的方式的效果最佳。并且采用纵置脱离滚筒，在不改变机体体积的条件下能够加长滚筒长度，增加脱粒和分离时间。这种纵置式轴流脱粒与分离装置工作时谷物留作空间螺旋运动，脱粒柔和且工作时间长，脱粒和分离比较充分，在脱净率、破碎率、分离率等都优于切流。为了减少脱粒损失，此脱粒系统还增加了复脱机构，能够将未脱粒完全的穗头通过它再次输送到脱粒滚筒再次脱粒，大大提高了脱粒效率。

本课题的研究为知道实际生产，提高轴流脱粒分离装置的性能以及降低成本提供了理论依据。

关键词:水稻 ; 纵置式轴流脱粒; 复脱; 理论依据

The Structure Design of Vertical Type Axial Flow                   Rice Combine Harvester Threshing System

Student:Wu zigao

Tutor:Wu Mingliang

(College of Engineering, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China)

Abstract: This article describes the research status at home and aboard of combine-harvester and working principle of typical threshing separating device.Through looking up materials about agronomy and morphological parameters of rice, I think the most effective way is the spike tooth-grid concave-header guiding plate threshing separation by comparison.The device is equipped with longitudinal separating drum which can lengthen the drum and increasing the threshing and separation time. When the vertical axial flow threshing and separating installation are working, grain is in a spiral movement. It separates softly , works in long hours and threshes and separates fully. So it is better than shear flow in the threshing rate, broken rate and separating rate. In order to reduce the loss of threshing, the threshing system adopt the re-threshing mechanism which greatly improves the efficiency of threshing. This mechanism can convey the incomplete threshing ear to the threshing drum again.

The purpose of this research is to guide the actual production process, improve the performance of axial flow threshing and separating device and provide a theoretical basis on reducing the cost.

Key words: Rice ; Vertical type axial flow threshing ; Re-threshing ; Theoretical basis