摘 要
汽车模具指的是制造汽车零部件所用的模具总称,其中的汽车零部件又以汽车覆盖件居多。它们都大多采用冲压成型制造,靠对工件施加压力,使其塑性变形,得到所要求的产品,所以这类模具又被称为冷冲模具。汽车覆盖件最基本的冲压成型工艺有落料,拉延成型,冲孔,修边,翻边,整形,多工位等,但在实际加工时通常会将翻边整形等多几个工序合为一道工序进行生产加工。
本设计以典型零部件上片的汽车模具作为设计对象,设计了拉延成型和翻边整形两道生产加工工序,了解了国内外汽车模具的现状,分析了拉延成型和翻边整形模具的工艺设计,了解了DL图和CAE图在生产加工中的地位,设计了拉延成型和翻边整形模具的结构,以 MR动画软件辅助,表达了其机械结构。
关键词:冷冲压模具;汽车覆盖件;拉延成型;翻边整形
ABSTRACT
Automobile mold refers to the general name of the mold used to manufacture automobile parts, in which the automobile parts are mainly automobile panels. Most of them are made by stamping. They can get the required products by applying pressure on the workpiece, so this kind of die is also called cold stamping die. The most basic stamping process of automobile panel includes blanking, drawing, punching, trimming, flanging, shaping, multi station, etc. but in actual processing, several processes such as flanging and shaping are usually combined into one process for production and processing.
This design takes the automobile mould of typical parts as the design object, designs two production processes of drawing forming and flanging forming, understands the current situation of automobile mould at home and abroad, analyzes the process design of drawing forming and flanging forming mould, understands the position of DL diagram and CAE diagram in production processing, and designs the structure of drawing forming and flanging forming mould, With the help of Mr animation software, the mechanical structure is expressed.
Key words: Cold stamping die; Automobile panel; drawing; flanging
目 录
1 绪论 7
1.1 概述 7
1.2 汽车模具的研究现状 8
1.2.1 汽车模具特点 8
1.2.2 国外汽车模具发展现状 8
1.2.3 国内汽车发展现状 9
1.3 课题研究的意义 10
1.4 设计的内容 10
1.5 本章小结 12
2 模具的工艺分析 13
2.1 工艺性分析 13
2.2 DL图 14
2.2.1 DL概念 15
2.2.2 定位方式 15
2.2.3 冲压方向 16
2.2.4 工艺补充 17
2.3 CAE分析 18
2.3.1 CAE概述 18
2.3.2 AutoForm 18
2.3.3 CAE分析过程 18
2.3.4 CAE模拟结果 19
2.4 工艺方案 22
2.4.1 压料面 22
2.4.2 拉延筋 23
2.4.3 工艺方案的确定 23
2.5 本章小结 26
3 模具设计 27
3.1 拉延成型模具的典型结构 27
3.1.1单动拉延模结构和原理 27
3.1.2 双动拉延模结构和原理 28
3.2 拉延成型模具设计 29
3.2.1 压边圈行程设计 29
3.2.2 顶杆布置 30
3.2.3 压边圈设计 30
3.2.4下模设计 33
3.2.5上模设计 35
3.3 翻边整形模的典型结构 36
3.3.1 垂直翻边模 36
3.3.2 斜锲翻边模 37
3.4 翻边整形模具设计 38
3.4.1 凹模设计 38
3.4.2 凸模设计 39
3.5 本章小结 39
4 MR设计 41
4.1 MR概述 41
4.2 UG建模 41
4.3 Maya转换 43
4.4 Unity 3D 44
4.5 本章小结 45
结 论 46
参考文献 47
致 谢 49