摘  要

电阻炉被广泛地应用在工业生产中，它的温度控制效果直接影响到生产效率和产品质量，因而对温度控制系统的要求很高。目前工业电阻炉通常采用常规PID控制，但是工业电阻炉的温度控制具有非线性，大惯性，大滞后等特点，难以对其建立精确的数学模型，因而常规PID控制难以取得良好的控制效果。因此，设计一个控制精度高，运行稳定的电阻炉温度控制系统具有很高的应用价值。

本课题采用AT89C51单片机为控制核心的电加热炉温度智能控制系统，主控芯片接收传感器采集的温度信号、流量信号和液位信号，经过智能处理后去控制电加热炉进油阀的开关、出油阀的开关和电加热器控制开关的通断时间，实现对加热炉内导热油温度的自动控制，使电加热炉能够正常稳定的工作。通过蓝牙模块与智能手机进行无线连接，实时动态跟踪电加热炉温度的变化，并实时显示一部分参数。系统带有报警功能，在系统运行不正常时自动报警，并停止工作。

关键词：电阻炉；炉温控制；控制系统；智能控制；AT89C51单片机

Abstract

Resistance furnace is widely used in industrial production, its temperature control effect directly affects the production efficiency and product quality, so the temperature control system is very demanding. At present, conventional PID control is usually used in industrial resistance furnaces, but the temperature control of industrial resistance furnaces has the characteristics of nonlinearity, large inertia and large lag, so it is difficult to establish an accurate mathematical model. Therefore, conventional PID control is difficult to achieve good control results. Therefore, it has high application value to design a temperature control system of resistance furnace with high control precision and stable operation.

An intelligent temperature control system of electric heating furnace with AT89C51 single chip microcomputer as the control core is adopted in this paper. The main control chip receives the temperature signal, flow signal and liquid level signal collected by the sensor. After intelligent processing, the switch of oil inlet valve, oil outlet valve and electric heater control switch are controlled. Wireless connection with smart phone through Bluetooth module, real-time dynamic tracking of electric heating furnace temperature changes, and real-time display of some parameters. The system has alarm function, automatically alarm when the system is not running normally, and stop working.

Keywords: resistance furnace; furnace temperature control; control system; intelligent control; AT89C51 MCU