摘 要
蚕茧是世界上主要的丝棉和绢纺作物之一，很久以来，蚕茧的栽种、采摘和加工主要由人工完成。方格簇是一种蚕农用给蚕结茧的框架，其中均匀分布若干个矩形孔，现在多数使用一种纸制的方格簇。蚕茧结在方格簇上后，蚕农再将蚕茧一颗颗摘下取丝。因为是一颗一颗地摘，所以这个摘茧过程效率比较低。针对现有技术的不足，本发明公开一种快速摘茧装置，可以一次摘下一行蚕茧，提高了工作效率。
本次毕业设计设计了快速摘茧装置，其技术方案包括支架，所述支架上方设有可固定方格簇的固定架，所述固定架上方设有摘茧排，所述摘茧排两端安装有控制器，所述控器与支架固定连接，其特征在于：所述控制器可限制摘茧排的运动轨迹为：由起点向下运动，向下运动到达底端后向前运动，向前到达前端后向上运动，向上到达一定高度后回到起点。
上述结构中，本发明快速摘茧装置工作时，摘茧排向下运动将蚕茧向下挤出，然后向前运动一个格子的距离同时推动方格簇前进，再向上运动使摘茧排从方格簇中取出，最后回到起点。因方格簇已经移动了一个格子的距离，摘茧排再次向下运动时挤出下一行的蚕茧，如此循环。
关键词：摘茧机；振动筛；采摘铲
Abstract
Cocoon is one of the main silk cotton and silk spinning crops in the world. For a long time, the cultivation, picking and processing of silkworm cocoons are mainly done manually. Square cluster is a kind of frame of cocoon for silkworm farming, in which a number of rectangular holes are evenly distributed, and now most of them use a paper square cluster. Cocoon knot on the grid cluster, sericulture will be cocoon after the cocoon pick down the silk. Because it is a ground picking, so the efficiency of the cocoon picking process is relatively low. In view of the deficiency of the prior art, the invention discloses a quick cocoon picking device, which can pick down a row of cocoons at one time, and improves the working efficiency.
The graduation design of the rapid cocoon extraction device, the technical scheme comprises a bracket, the support is provided with a fixed frame with a fixed square cluster, the top of the cage is provided with a cocoon pick-up row, and a controller is arranged at both ends of the cocoon-picking row. The controller is fixedly connected with the bracket, which is characterized in that the controller can restrict the motion track of the cocoon picking row: moving down from the starting point, moving downward to the bottom end, moving forward after reaching the bottom end, moving forward to the front end and moving back up. Go up to a certain height and return to the starting point.
In the structure, when the cocoon picking device of the invention is working, the cocoon picking row moves downward and extrudes the cocoon downward, and then moves forward a distance of the lattice and simultaneously pushes the square cluster forward, and then moves upward so that the cocoon picking row is removed from the square cluster, and the cocoon picking row is removed from the square cluster by the upward movement. Finally back to the starting point. As the square cluster has moved a grid distance, the pulley moves downward again, extruding the next line of cocoons, so that the cycle.
Key words: cocoon picking machine; vibrating screen; picking shovel
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 选题的意义 1
1.2 摘茧机概述 1
1.2.1 国内外发展情况 1
1.2.2 摘茧机的简介 2
1.2.3 摘茧机的主要用途和应用领域 2
第2章 总体方案设计 4
2.1 总体方案确定 4
2.1.1 旋转式结构 4
2.1.2 摆动式结构 4
2.2 总体方案介绍及选择 5
2.2.1旋转式采摘介绍 5
2.2.2摆动式采摘介绍 5
2.2.3 采摘方案选择 6
第3章 摘茧机的结构设计及计算 7
3.1 参数初定 7
3.1.1 车体框架尺寸初定 7
3.1.2 接果板总长初定 7
3.1.3 摆架机构尺寸初定 7
3.2 框架的材料选择及重量计算 7
3.3 传输带链轮的设计 8
3.3.1 初选链轮齿数 8
3.3.2 .确定计算功率
8
3.3.4 计算单排链所能传递的功率
及链节距P 8
3.3.5 确定链实际长度 L及中心距
8
3.3.7 计算作用在轴上的压轴力Q 9
3.3.8 .按静强度校核链条 9
3.3.9 润滑方式的选择 10
3.3.10 链轮的结构设计 10
3.4摆架的设计 10
3.5 轴的设计及计算 12
3.5.1 选定车轮轴径 12
3.5.2 车轮轴的校核 14
3.5.3 液压支柱支撑轴校核 16
3.6轴承寿命计算 16
第4章 液压系统设计 18
4.1 液压系统的设计要求 18
4.2 液压系统的基本回路 18
4.3确定液压系统的主要参数 20
4.3.1 初选工作压力 20
4.3.2 计算液压缸的主要结构尺寸 21
4.3.3 液压缸工作流量的确定 22
4.3.4确定液压缸的安装方式 22
4.3.5 绘制液压系统的工作原理图 22
第5章 摘茧机的安装与维护 25
5.1 安装注意事项 25
5.2 维护中的注意事项 25
结 论 26
致 谢 27
参考文献 28
