海中液压蓄能发电装置设计
摘 要
海中液压蓄能是指海水流动的动能，其变化具有规律性，可预测性等特点。其成因是由太阳、地球及月亮相对位置及地球自转而引起的海水表层水平移动。我们选择了开发成本相对较低，开发利用可行性较高的海中液压蓄能做为研究对象，但海中液压蓄能的利用在我国以及国际上都是一个崭新的课题。在我国边远海域与沿海地区有为数众多电网无法覆盖的岛屿、哨所及村镇，那里的用电和淡水供应一直是个难题。如能利用每天持续不断的海中液压蓄能提供电能和制备淡水所需的能量，对于改善那里的生活条件不失为一种最现实的办法。海中液压蓄能的利用要求整个发电装置浸泡在海水中，海中液压蓄能发电装置的工作环境决定了它所面临的难点，因此我们设想了一种新型的海流发电装置并制作了模型试图解决这些问题。
传统抽水蓄能发电站需要水库配套，对选址的要求极高，山水缺一不可。而由于适合修建抽水蓄能电站的地点大多为山区丘陵地带，这类选址往往又不适合建造风力和太阳能等可再生能源电厂。这意味着，由于其间歇性而最需要储电能力的风力和太阳能电厂无法使用“水力”电池提高其发电的持续性。为了扩大抽水蓄能技术的选址范围，海中蓄能，是一种全新的思路。
本课题设计海中液压蓄能装置，拟使用5兆瓦的水轮发电机，每个发电主体可以最高连续发电4小时。每个都可以存储20兆瓦时的电力。设计有80个以上的蓄能球被并联在一起，其总蓄能效果有效的影响电网。
关键词：海中液压蓄能；海流模拟试验；海中液压蓄能发电装置
Abstract
Hydraulic energy storage in sea is the kinetic energy of sea water flow, and its variation is regular, predictable and so on.The reason is the horizontal movement of the surface water caused by the relative position of the sun, the earth and the moon and the rotation of the earth.We have chosen the relatively low development cost and the high feasibility of development and utilization of the marine hydraulic energy storage as the research object, but the utilization of the sea hydraulic energy storage is a new topic in our country as well as in the world.There are many islands, outposts and villages in the remote and coastal areas of our country that cannot be covered by power grids. Electricity and fresh water supply there has always been a problem.If you can take advantage of the daily continuous water storage in the sea Providing electricity and preparing fresh water is the most realistic way to improve living conditions there.The use of hydraulic energy storage in the sea requires the whole power generation device to be immersed in sea water. The working environment of the hydraulic storage power generation device in the sea determines the difficulties it faces.Therefore, a new type of current power generation device is envisaged and a model is developed to solve these problems.
The traditional pumped storage power station needs the reservoir to set up, the request to the location is extremely high, the landscape is indispensable.Since most of the sites suitable for the construction of pumped storage power stations are hilly areas, these sites are often not suitable for the construction of renewable energy power plants such as wind and solar energy.This means that wind and solar power plants most in need of storage capacity because of their intermittent nature cannot use "hydraulic" batteries to increase the sustainability of their power generation.In order to expand the site selection range of pumped storage technology, energy storage in the sea is a new idea.
In this paper, the hydraulic energy storage device in the sea is designed. It is proposed to use 5 megawatt hydrogenerator. Each main generator can generate power continuously for up to 4 hours.Each can store 20 megawatts of electricity.More than 80 energy storage balls are connected in parallel, and the total energy storage effect affects the power grid effectively.
Key words: hydraulic energy storage in the sea; current simulation test; hydraulic storage power generation device in the sea
目录
1. 绪论 3
1.1研究背景及意义 4
1.1.1 研究背景 4
1.1.2研究意义 4
1.2 国内外研究现状 5
1.3研究主要内容 8
1.3.1设计思路 8
1.3.2拟解决的主要问题 9
1.4 小结 9
2. 海中液压蓄能发电装置的工作原理及基本结构 10
2.1 海中液压蓄能发电装置的功能单元的划分 10
2.2 海中液压蓄能发电装置的工作原理 11
2.3 海中液压蓄能发电装置的基本结构 13
2.3.1 叶轮 14
2.3.2 轮毂 14
2.3.3 主轴 14
2.3.4 齿轮箱 15
2.3.5 发电机 15
2.3.6 密封系统 15
2.3.7 对流装置 16
2.3.8 塔架 16
3.海中液压蓄能发电装置要零件的设计计算 17
3.1 海中液压蓄能发电装置总体设计方案 17
3.5 塔架设计 21
3.6 密封系统的设计 22
3.7 制动系统的设计 22
3.8 主梁载荷计算及强度校核 22
3.8.1 流体动力载荷 23
3.8.2 重力载荷 24
3.8.3离心力载荷 25
3.8.4 主梁的强度校核 26
总结 27
致谢 27
参考文献 28
