摘 要
无人值守变电站综合监控系统，需要将远程的视频监控、报警管理、动环数据采集、门禁管理、综合联网、分布/集中存储等系统功能有机的结合起来，做到既可以远程的监视、遥控和图像的传输，又具备动力环境的整体监控，并且具有通常联网报警网络的功能、门禁管理人员出入控制功能等，这些功能的完美结合能更加有效地预防事故发生、打击犯罪、保障财产安全，确保系统运行稳定，将变电站安全防范技术提升到新的水平，这已成为当前无人值守变电站发展的主要方向。无人值守变电站内部，为了保证设备的绝缘性能、正常工作以及检修人员进入变电站的安全，需要实时监控室内的温湿度；氧气数据，并实时传送给中央控制室。
本课题研究无人变电站环境综合监控系统，具有实时监测、显示、储存、上传多路温湿度、氧气数据，在温湿度或者氧气数据超标情况下，启动室内通风系统。选择合适的温度传感器、湿度传感器、氧气传感器，以单片机为控制系统系统的核心，设计温湿度变送器、氧气变送器的硬件和软件；变送器采用LED显示；按键输入标定数据；对传感器的数据选择合适的算法处理；设计触摸屏的控制界面，实时接收、显示、储存（半年内）6个温湿度变送器和6个氧气变送器的数据；显示屏幕大；为了减少布线量，各个变送器与触摸屏之间采用无线zigbee组网；触摸屏与中央控制室之间以太网通讯；编写通讯协议；设计室内通风系统线路；构建整个系统，包括变送器、触摸屏和无线zigbee等3个子系统，完成硬件选型；完成电气设计图、软件编程、通讯协议编制等。
关键词：无人变电站；监控；温湿度；氧气；zigbee
Abstract
The integrated monitoring system for unattended substations needs to combine the functions of remote video surveillance, alarm management, mobile ring data acquisition, access control, integrated networking, distribution / centralized storage and so on.Can be remote monitoring, remote control and image transmission, but also with the overall monitoring of the power environment, and with the usual network alarm network function, access control function of access control staff, etc.The perfect combination of these functions can more effectively prevent accidents, crack down on crime, protect property safety, ensure the stability of system operation, and promote substation safety prevention technology to a new level, which has become unvalued at present. Observe the main direction of substation development.In order to ensure the insulation performance of the equipment and the safety of the maintenance personnel entering the substation, it is necessary to monitor the indoor temperature and humidity in real time and transmit oxygen data to the central control room in real time.
This paper studies the environment comprehensive monitoring system of unmanned substation, which has real-time monitoring, displaying, storing, uploading multi-channel temperature and humidity data, oxygen data, starting indoor ventilation system under the condition of temperature and humidity or oxygen data exceeding the standard.Selecting suitable temperature sensor, humidity sensor and oxygen sensor, taking single chip computer as the core of the control system, designing the hardware and software of temperature and humidity transmitter and oxygen transmitter, the transmitter is displayed by LED, and the calibration data is input by key.Design the control interface of touch screen, real-time receive, display, store (within half a year) 6 temperature and humidity transmitter Data of 6 oxygen transmitters; large display screen; in order to reduce wiring, wireless zigbee is used between each transmitter and touch screen; Ethernet communication between touch screen and central control room; write communication protocol;Design the ventilation system circuit in the design room, build the whole system, including transmitter, touch screen and wireless zigbee, complete the hardware selection, complete the electrical design drawing, software programming, communication protocol compilation, etc.
Keywords: unmanned substation; monitoring; temperature and humidity; oxygen zigbee
目 录
第一章 绪论 1
1.1研究背景 1
1.2 无人变电站环境综合监控系统的研究现状 1
1.3 无线传感器网络的研究现状 2
1.4 论文的主要工作 3
1.5 本章小结 3
第二章 ZigBee技术及应用 4
2.1 ZigBee技术概述 4
2.2 IEEE 802.15.4标准 5
2.3 ZigBee协议栈 7
2.3.1 ZigBee协议栈结构 7
2.3.2 ZigBee网络设备类型 8
2.3.3 ZigBee网络拓扑结构 8
2.4 Zigbee 的应用前景 10
2.5本章小结 10
第三章 节点总体设计方案 11
3.1 节点拓扑结构设计 11
3.2 节点框架设计 12
3.3 本章小结 13
第四章 无线传感器节点的硬件设计 13
4.1 CC2430控制模块 13
4.1.1 CC2430片上系统 13
4.1.2 CC2430的8051内核 13
4.2 超声检测模块 14
4.3 ZigBee射频模块 16
4.3.1 CC2430射频工作方式 16
4.3.2 IEEE 802.15.4 调制方式 18
4.4 RS232串口通信模块 19
4.5 温度检测模块 20
4.5.1 CC2430片内温度传感器 20
4.5.2 误差补偿处理 21
4.6电源模块设计 22
4.7状态显示模块 22
4.8本章小结 23
第五章 无线传感器节点的软件设计 23
5.1 ZigBee软件集成开发平台选择 23
5.2 ZigBee协议栈的选择 24
5.3硬件驱动程序设计 25
5.4 网络配置 26
5.5 节点软件流程 26
5.6 超声检测氧气数据程序设计 28
5.6.1超声检测原理 28
5.6.2 温度补偿 31
5.6.3 静态误差补偿 32
第六章 测试结果与分析 33
6.1氧气数据检测 33
6.2组网试验 35
第七章 总结与展望 36
致 谢 38
参考文献 39
