摘 要
森林火灾是危害森林的大敌，一场火灾在旦夕之间就能把大片苍翠茂密的森林化为灰烬，给国家和集体造成严重损失，同时林地失去了森林的覆盖，容易造成水土流失，容易发生水旱风沙灾害，影响农业稳产高产。在居民点、农田、山林交错的山区发生了森林火灾，还会烧毁房舍、粮食、农具和耕畜，影响群众生产、生活。森林火灾还会烧死林中的大量益鸟、益兽和烧毁各种林副产品。发生森林火灾，必须动员大批人员去扑火，既耽误生产，又浪费人力物力，甚至造成人身伤亡事故，给国家人民带来损失。
随着森林防火信息系统的建设，从以前粗放式管理逐渐向信息化管理过渡，加强了对监控过程的集中管理。特别是在发生突发事故的时候，如若得不到第一时间的处理，所造成的各种损失是难以弥补的。采集并观察视频图像能对突发事故的发展情况有最为快捷、直观的了解。正因为如此，要求能够借助先进的视频监控模式进行第一时间的处理和取证，使损失降低到最小程度。基于上述需求，设计出一套适用于森林防火的视频监控系统对保护国家和人民生命和财产安全具有相当重大的意义。一套合适的监控系统可以帮助森林防火部门更加方便、快捷和系统化的工作，从而为保证国家财产安全、降低管理成本提供重要保障。
关键词：森林火灾；防火决策；实验仿真；
Abstract
Forest fire is a great enemy that endangers forests. A fire can turn large areas of lush forests into ashes in the course of dying, causing serious losses to the country and the collective. At the same time, forest land has lost its forest cover, which can easily cause soil erosion. It is easy to occur flood, drought, wind and sand disaster, which affects the stable and high yield of agriculture. Forest fires have broken out in residential areas, farmland and mountainous areas intersected with forests. They also burn down houses, grain, farm tools and livestock, affecting people's production and life. Forest fires also burn large numbers of beneficial birds, animals, and forest by-products. In case of forest fire, a large number of people must be mobilized to put off the fire, which will delay production and waste people. Force and material force, and even cause casualties, bring losses to the people of the country.
With the construction of forest fire prevention information system, the transition from extensive management to information management has been gradually made, and the centralized management of monitoring process has been strengthened. Especially in the emergency, if not the first time to deal with the loss is difficult to make up for. Collecting and observing video images can be the most rapid and intuitionistic understanding of the development of sudden accidents. Because of this, it is required to use advanced video surveillance mode to process and obtain evidence in the first time, so that the loss can be minimized. Based on the above requirements, a set of video surveillance system for forest fire prevention is designed to protect the country and the people. The safety of life and property is of great significance. A suitable monitoring system can help the forest fire prevention department to work more conveniently, quickly and systematically, thus providing an important guarantee for the national property security and reducing the management cost.
Keywords: forest fire; fire prevention decision; experimental simulation;
目 录
摘 要 0
Abstract 1
1 绪论 2
1.1森林防火 2
1.1.1森林的作用 2
1.1.2森林火灾的危害 3
1.2国内外研究现状 3
1.3防火决策支持系统 4
1.3.1传统的防火决策支持系统 4
1.3.2图像型防火决策支持系统 5
2 森林防火决策支持系统仿真设计 7
2.1实验仿真 7
2.2结合BP神经网络 10
3 结果分析 13
3.1总结 13
3.2展望 14
参考文献 14
