摘 要
针对数控车床设计的一种套类零件自动上下料机构，实现了坯料的抓取、自动定位、夹紧以及工件的回放。该机构主要由自动安装夹具，坯料、工件拾取机械手，动力及控制系统组成。零件的自动定位、夹紧由弹簧涨胎心轴实现，涨胎心轴是以工件的内孔表面定位，由气缸驱动弹性筒夹向外扩涨，实现工件的定位和夹紧的。坯料、工件的拾取、回放是由单臂形式的机械手通过伸缩、旋转以及俯仰等运动实现的，这些运动均由气缸驱动获得。本设计中，为实现工件的自动上下料，单臂机械手的运动与涨胎心轴的张合需进行紧密配合。考虑到所夹持工件的实际尺寸、质量等因素，本机构采用气动、电气控制实现了坯料和工件的拾取、安装、回放过程的自动完成。
关键词： 自动上下料；气动机械手；气动夹具；套类零件
Abstract
This paper is aimed at designing a sleeve parts automatic baiting agencies for a CNC lathe.Its function is processing the crawls, automatic positioning and clamping of the workpiece.The automatic baiting agencies mainly consist of the automatic fixture, the manipulator for picking up the workpiece and billets and the drive and control system.Among them,the automatic positioning and clamping of the sets parts is achieved by the axis fetal heart rate rising to the workpiece centering hole.When clamping the workpiece,flexible tube folder can center and clamp the cylindrical hole through the expansion and inflation;blank grasping of the workpiece and the intervals are achieved by the manipulator arm by stretching and rotating.In the issue,it is necessary for the movements of the manipulator arm and the automatical fixture Zhang to require the coordination.Taking into account that the actual workpiece size,the quality and the various features of the driven approach to the system,we decide to adopt the aerodynamic control,using compressed air to achieve the movements of the clamping fixture and manipulator.
Keywords:Automatic baiting;Pneumatic manipulator;Pneumatic fixture;sleeve parts
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