摘 要
随着“信息时代”的到来，作为获取信息的手段——传感器技术得到了显著的进步，其应用领域越来越广泛，对其要求越来越高，需求越来越迫切。传感器技术已成为衡量一个国家科学技术发展水平的重要标志之一。因此，了解并掌握各类传感器的基本结构、工作原理及特性是非常重要的。为了提高对传感器的认识和了解，尤其是对烟雾传感器的深入研究以及其用法与用途，基于实用、广泛和典型的原则而设计了本系统。本文利用单片机结合传感器技术而开发设计了这一烟雾监控系统。。
本论文以烟雾粉尘传感器和单片机技术为核心并与其他电子技术相结合，设计出一种技术水平较好的烟雾粉尘报警器。其中选用MQ-2型半导体可燃气体敏感元件烟雾粉尘传感器实现烟雾的检测，具有灵敏度高、响应快、抗干扰能力强等优点，而且价格低廉，使用寿命长。选用的AT89S51单片机，其整合了A/D转换、硬件乘法器、硬件脉宽调制器等资源，具 有高速、低功耗、超强抗干扰等优点，是目前同类技术中性价比较高的产 品。
以AT89S51单片机和MQ-2型半导体电阻式烟雾粉尘传感器为核心设计的烟雾粉尘报警器可实现声光报警、故障自诊断、浓度显示、报警限设置、延时报警及与上位机串口通信等功能。是一种结构简单、性能 稳定、使用方便、价格低廉、智能化的烟雾报警器。具有一定的实用价值。
关键词：AT89S51单片机; HC-SR501；智能报警：
Abstract
With the coming of the \"information age\", as a means of access to information, sensor technology has been remarkable progress, its application field is more and more widely, the demand is higher and higher, demand has become more and more urgent. Sensor technology has become a measure of a country one of the important symbol of the levels of science and technology development. Therefore, to understand and master the basic structure, working principle and characteristics of various types of sensors is very important. In order to improve the knowledge and understanding of the sensor, especially for smoke sensor research and its usage and use, based on practical, widely and typical principle and the system is designed. Based on single chip microcomputer combined with the sensor technology and development of the smoke control system is designed..
This thesis with smoke dust sensor and microcontroller technology as the core and combined with other electronic technology, design a good dust smoke alarm technology level. Which use MQ - 2 type semiconductor gas sensitive element smoke dust sensor realizes the smoke detection, high sensitivity, fast response and strong anti-jamming capability, and the price is low, service life long. Chosen AT89S51, the integration of the A/D conversion, the hardware multiplier, hardware resources, such as pulse width modulator with has the advantages of high speed, low power consumption, strong anti-interference, is currently the similar technology in the high cost performance products.
AT89S51 and MQ - 2 type semiconductor resistive smoke dust sensor alarm can be realized as the core design of smoke dust concentration of sound and light alarm, fault self-diagnosis, display, alarm limit set, delay alarm and serial communication with the upper machine, and other functions. Is a kind of simple structure, stable performance, easy to use, low cost, intelligent smoke alarm. Has a certain practical value.
Keywords: AT89S51. HC - SR501; Intelligent alarm:
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