英语阅读教学中的问题与对策
摘 要
随着二十一世纪经济和社会生活的迅速发展，英语作为世界上使用最广泛的语言，它的重要性口亦突出。在中国，英语作为高中教学的基础教材之一，其重要性不言而喻。作为四项基本技能之一的阅读教学，它对培养高中生英语语言综合能力起到重中之重的作用，高中英语阅读教学教学也因此在英语教学中扮演着十分重要的角色。
在高中英语阅读教学教学中，英语阅读教学对学生的成长和发展是很重要的。在英语阅读教学中，阅读教学能力是衡量学生英语阅读教学好坏的重要标尺之一，也是老师进行英语教学的重要目标和重点之一，这是本研究的意义所在。而在现行高中英语教学中，学生阅读教学能力很难拔高的瓶颈状态以及学生个体之间阅读教学能力水平的差异的扩大，是该研究的现状和背景。目前高中英语教材在新一轮的改革后对英语阅读教学教学和学生英语能力的培养都提出了更高的要求。但就现在英语阅读教学教学中还存在许多问题，与新教材的要求仍存在比较大的距离。英语教学学者在英语阅读教学教学方面己经做出了许多的研究，也取得了很多成果。本文笔者在参阅大量文献材料的基础上，深入教学课堂，采用课堂观察法和问卷调查法，对目前高中英语阅读教学教学中存在的主要问题进行分析和归纳，并在此基础上提出相应的解决措施。
全文共分四个部分:
第一部分为引言，主要阐述了课题研究的背景与研究此课题的重要意义。
第二部分为文献综述，包括英语阅读教学教学法的相关研究，高中英语阅读教学教学中的情感教学、文化渗透。
第三部分是本文的案例研究部分，包括调查对象，调查方法，调查内容和调查结果及分析四个部分。第三部分的主体是调查结果与分析，通过对调查结果的分析，发现高中英语阅读教学教学中存在的主要问题。
第四部分针对调查中存在的主要问题提出了相应的解决措施。
本文对在读的高中生采取问卷调查的方法并对问卷调查的结果进行了分析研究，然后通过访谈法对部分高中学生就英语阅读教学的情况进行了调查，发现大多数学生在阅读教学活动中缺乏使用阅读教学策略的意识和技巧。在得出高中生英语阅读教学中存在的问题之后，本文案例分析，证明高中生在英语阅读教学活动中被给与一定的阅读教学策略的指导以及进行一定的阅读教学策略的训练，阅读教学能力会得到改善和提高，同时中学生阅读教学能力的提高又会反过来促进其对阅读教学策略的掌握和使用的有效性。因此，本研究对高中生的英语阅读教学和教学都有重要的实践意义。老师应当提供学生使用阅读教学策略的环境，创造一定的阅读教学活动并给与这种特定的阅读教学活动的阅读教学策略指导。本研究的不足之处在于，阅读教学策略在阅读教学活动中发挥的有效性还需要进一步的研究。
关键词:英语教学；英语阅读教学；问题；对策
Abstract
With the development of economic and social fife in the 21St century, English, the most widely used language in the world, is becoming increasingly important. English is also a very important basic subject in high schools of China. As one of the four basic skills, reading performs a vital role in cultivating students' integrated language ability. Therefore, the teaching of reading plays an important and special role in high school English teaching.
Improving reading ability of English is one of the important English learning goals for middle high school students, as well as one of the teaching goals for the teachers in the teaching practice. After many years of English study, many high school students even make no difference in English reading ability. Besides, the discrepancy in reading ability among high school students is widening, which is a main problem in senior high school English teaching and a problem needing solved urgently. Under the new-round teaching reform's circumstances, New English Curriculum Standard of high school have set a high standard for teachers and students on teaching and learning of reading. But the problems related to teaching and learning of English reading are still very serious, which cannot meet the New English Curriculum Standard. Experts on language teaching have made a lot of research on this area and achieved a lot. Based on the results of these researches, the author went into the classroom to observe the reading teaching and make the questionnaires. The author made a research and analyzed the main problems in high school English reading teaching and brought up some solutions in the end.
This paper consists of four parts.
The first part is introduction part, including the background and significance of this research.
The second part is literature review part, which is composed of relative study on the approach of English reading teaching, the affect teaching in reading of high school, the culture awareness cultivation.
The third part is the research part. The author investigates some high schools' English reading teaching situation and finds some problems by adopting two research
methods----class observation and questionnaire.
The fourth part is the countermeasures part. The author tries to find countermeasures for these problems exhibited in the third part.
In the thesis, after a survey is made among 139 senior high school students and a few students have a talking; it is found out that not all students are aware of using reading strategies even though some students use some reading strategies in the reading activities, which is substantial. In addition, few students realize the importance of using reading strategies. Through survey analysis, students' talking and experiment demonstration, the problems in English reading activities among senior high students are analyzed and the relationship between reading strategy and reading ability is explained to stress the necessity and measures of using reading strategies in the reading activities. By cognitive theory, language psychological theory, words reading strategies, discourse reading strategies and context reading strategies, the practical research on reading strategies and the English reading ability of senior high school students is made below.
Key words: English teaching; English reading; problem; countermeasure
目 录
英语阅读教学中的问题与对策 1
摘 要 1
Abstract 3
引言 1
(一)研究背景 1
(二)研究意义 2
一、英语阅读教学教学研究综述 3
(一)英语阅读教学教学法的相关研究 3
1.图式理论 3
2.语篇分析法 5
(二)高中英语阅读教学教学中的情感教学 7
1.情感教学的内涵 7
2.影响高中英语阅读教学教学的情感因素 8
(三)高中英语阅读教学教学中的文化渗透 10
1.语言和文化的关系 10
2.文化渗透 11
二、高中英语阅读教学教学现状调查及结果分析 13
(一)调查设计 13
1.调查对象 13
2.调查方法 13
3.调查内容 13
(二)调查结果及分析 14
1.课堂教学观察的记录 14
2.课堂教学观察结果的分析 16
3.问卷调查结果的分析 19
三、高中英语阅读教学教学的改进策略 26
(一)改进阅读教学前导入阶段的教学策略 26
1.直观导入 26
2.预测内容法导入 27
3.悬念式导入 27
4.时事导入 28
(二)加强阅读教学策略的指导和训练 28
1.注重不同文体的理解训练 29
2.注重学生归纳、概括能力训练 29
3.强化推理判断训练 30
4.利用课文中的语境线索进行猜词训练 30
(三)注重文化背景知识的传授 32
(四)挖掘教材、渗透情感 34
(五)合理开发利用课程资源 35
结 论 37
参考文献 38
附 录 41
