摘 要
本设计以实现初馏塔的控制为主要目标，通过对控制器、控制阀、变送器等仪表的选择与组合,并设计出了将酒精和水的混合液中的两组分进行分离，使之达到规定的纯度的主要以初馏塔塔釜内温度为被控变量，通过对进入蒸汽的流量的控制使初馏塔塔内的温度保持恒定的串级控制方案。并且采用组态王软件，对酒精初馏塔控制系统实时的温度及其流量监控系统。实现了对被控过程现场运行情况的实时监控。
通过以上的内容可以呈现一个控制系统工程设计的过程，本设计可以作为酒精精馏的过程控制装置设计的参考设计资料，也可供自控学生作为学习过程控制工程设计的参考资料。
关键词： 温度，控制器，控制阀，串级控制
ABSTRACT
The aim of design is to control the cooler and the forward tower. The first part of the paper is the control of alcohol rectification tower. The scheme of the design is analyzed and selected. Meanwhile, the instruments and control valve are selected, and the capacity of the control valve is calculated.
The purpose of alcohol rectification is to separate its ingredients from the liquid mixture of alcohol and water, so that the purity can be reached. The purpose of equipment control is analyzed. The scheme of cascade control is designed.
Readers can see the process of a design of an automatic control system by this paper. This design can be referenced both an example of the control of alcohol rectification equipment and the study of students of automatic control.
Key words: temperature, controller, control valve，cascade control
目录
第一章 前言 1
1.1 选题背景及研究意义 1
1.2 基本内容 3
第二章 主要控制方案的设计 4
2.1 控制方案拟订的基本原则 4
2.2 工艺流程 4
2.3串级控制系统 7
2.4串级控制系统为什么可有效地提高调节品质 7
2.5.串级控制系统可以有效地提高调节品质的主要因素.................................8
2.6酒精精馏过程控制系统的串级控制系统 8
第三章 具体控制方案的确定 10
3.1串级控制系统中主、副控制器正、反作用的选择......................................10
3.2控制阀开闭形式的选择...............................................................................10
3.3液位调节...................................................11
3.4 温度调节.......................................................................................................11
3.5 控制其控制规律选择...................................................................................13
3.6 PID参数整定.................................................................................................13
第四章 仪表选型..................................................................................................16
4.1 仪表简介,......................................................................................................16
4.2 仪表选型原理...............................................................................................17
4.3 流量检测仪表的选型策略...........................................................................18
4.4 温度检测仪表的选型策略...........................................................................19
4.5 控制阀的选型...............................................................................................22
4.6 电—气转换器的选型...................................................................................24
4.7 控制器的选型...............................................................................................25
第五章 组态王6.53设备组态..............................................................28
5.1 组态王软件简介............................................................................................28
5.2 组态王 6.53系统制作组态流程..................................................................29
第六章 结论..........................................................................................36
参考文献.................................................................37
致谢.................................................................................38
附录..............................................................................39
