数控加工中心加工工艺与编程综合设计

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 摘  要

数控加工工艺要考虑加工零件的工艺性，加工零件的定位基准和装夹方式，也要选择刀具，制定工艺路线、切削方法及工艺参数等，而这些在常规工艺中均可以简化处理。因此，数控加工工艺比普通加工工艺要复杂得多，影响因素也多，因而有必要对数控编程的全过程进行综合分析、合理安排，然后整体完善。相同的数控加工任务，可以有多个数控工艺方案，既可以选择以加工部位作为主线安排工艺，也可以选择以加工刀具作为主线来安排工艺。数控加工工艺的多样化是数控加工工艺的一个特色，是与传统加工工艺的显着区别。我以加工部位为主线安排加工工艺。

本文主要研究内容是加工了一个具有弧度、斜度、螺纹、盲孔等特征的轴类零件，把已经设计好的轴类零件在开始加工之前先仔细研究其外观特点，了解零件加工完成后所要达到的精度要求，从而选择机床设备、定位基准、装夹方式、加工顺序等等的有关内容，分清可以手动加工和需要自动加工的工序，在加工过程中发现自己的不足之处，迅速加以改正，达到边做边学的目的。

关键词：数控加工工艺；数控编程 ；加工精度; 刀具设计；加工路线

Abstract
　　CNC machining process to consider the process of machining parts, machined parts locating datum and clamping methods, but also select the tool, the development of process routes, cutting method and process parameters, which are in the conventional process can be simplified. Therefore, the CNC machining process than normal processing is much more complex factors are many, it is necessary for the whole process of NC programming a comprehensive analysis, reasonable arrangement, and overall improvement. CNC machining the same task, you can have multiple CNC technology program, can choose to process parts of the arrangement process as the main line, you can also choose to process as the main tool to arrange the process. CNC machining process of diversification is a feature of CNC machining technology, the traditional processing technology with a significant difference. I arranged to process parts of the main line processing.
　　 This paper studies the content of the processing of a curvature, slope, threaded, blind holes and other features of the shaft, the shaft has been designed at the beginning of processing before the appearance of careful study of its characteristics to understand the parts to be processed after the completion of achieve the accuracy required to select the machine tools, positioning the base, clamping methods, processing order, and so the content, you can manually process and the need to distinguish between automatic processing operations, in the process find their shortcomings to be corrected quickly to achieve the purpose of learning by doing.
　　 Keywords: CNC machining process; CNC programming; processing accuracy; tool design; processing route