摘要
本文聚焦于多通道高精度数字电压表的设计。首先调研了国内外多通道高精度数字电压表的研究现状、核心技术及应用场景，明确设计的技术指标与创新方向。系统以 AT89C51 单片机为核心，构建总体方案，涵盖信号采集、放大滤波、A/D 转换、多通道切换以及数据处理与显示等模块。硬件设计方面，完成高精度 ADC 芯片选型，选用 ADC0809 作为模数转换芯片，精心设计信号调理电路与多通道切换逻辑电路，绘制完整的系统硬件原理图及 PCB 版图，确保电路布局合理、抗干扰性能良好，实现至少 8 路 0 - 10V 模拟电压信号采集，精度优于 0.01%。软件上，开发基于单片机的控制程序，实现多通道自动切换周期可设（10ms - 1s），数据刷新频率不低于 10Hz。该数字电压表测量电压范围为 0 - 5V，利用 ADC0809 将模拟量转换为数字量输入单片机 P0 口，再由单片机控制 LCD1602 液晶显示电压值。经测试，系统能稳定运行，满足设计要求，为多通道电压测量提供了一种可靠方案。
关键词:多通道高精度数字电压表；AT89C51 单片机；ADC0809；硬件设计；软件控制
Abstract
This paper focuses on the design of a multi-channel high-precision digital voltmeter. Firstly, it investigates the research status, core technologies, and application scenarios of multi-channel high-precision digital voltmeters at home and abroad, and clarifies the technical indicators and innovation directions of the design. The system takes the AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer as the core to construct an overall scheme, covering modules such as signal acquisition, amplification and filtering, A/D conversion, multi-channel switching, and data processing and display. In terms of hardware design, a high-precision ADC chip is selected, with ADC0809 chosen as the analog-to-digital conversion chip. The signal conditioning circuit and multi-channel switching logic circuit are carefully designed, and a complete system hardware schematic diagram and PCB layout are drawn to ensure reasonable circuit layout and good anti-interference performance, achieving the acquisition of at least 8 channels of 0 - 10V analog voltage signals with an accuracy better than 0.01%. On the software side, a control program based on the single-chip microcomputer is developed to realize a settable multi-channel automatic switching cycle (10ms - 1s) and a data refresh frequency of no less than 10Hz. The digital voltmeter has a measurement voltage range of 0 - 5V. It uses ADC0809 to convert analog quantities into digital quantities and input them into the P0 port of the single-chip microcomputer, and then the single-chip microcomputer controls the LCD1602 liquid crystal to display the voltage value. After testing, the system can operate stably and meet the design requirements, providing a reliable solution for multi-channel voltage measurement.
Key words:Multi-channel high-precision digital voltmeter; AT89C51 single-chip microcomputer; ADC0809; Hardware design; Software control
目 录
摘要
Abstract
第一章 绪论
1.1 选题背景及意义
1.1.1 选题背景
1.1.2 选题意义
1.2 国内外研究现状
1.2.1 国内研究现状
1.2.2 国外研究现状
1.3研究主要内容
1.3.1多通道信号同步采集系统设计
1.3.2高精度信号调理电路设计
1.3.3微处理器系统设计与软件开发
1.3.4系统抗干扰设计与可靠性研究
1.3.5系统性能测试与验证
1.4设计目标及工作原理
1.4.1设计目标
1.4.2设计原理
第二章 硬件设计与原理
2.1 总设计框图
2.2 硬件设计分析
2.2.1 电源的设计
2.2.2 单片机最小系统
2.2.3 显示系统
2.2.4 模数转换
第三章 软件设计与分析
3.1 软件设计的组成
3.2 源程序
第四章 软件仿真
4.1 PROTEUS简介
4.2仿真图
4.3原理图
4.4 元件清单
总 结
致 谢
参考文献
