中文摘要

摘要：随着玉米产量的逐年提升，大量的秸秆和根茬成为农民种地前的一大难题。为解决这一问题，小型移动式秸秆粉碎机应运而生。本设计旨在开发一种高效、环保的小型移动式秸秆粉碎机，采用均力免震法排列刀具，由拖拉机后悬挂进行耕作。设计中，刀具采用Y型结构，结合齿轮传动和皮带传动，实现秸秆的粉碎与还田。通过对传动机构、工作部件、刀片设计、拖拉机性能参数及悬挂系统等方面的详细计算与分析，确保了机器的稳定性和工作效率。此外，本设计还进行了爬坡稳定性能指数和拖拉机悬挂机构油缸提升能力的校核，以保证机器在不同工况下的稳定运行。通过三维建模技术，完成了机器各部件的建模与装配，进一步验证了设计的合理性。本设计不仅解决了农民处理秸秆的难题，还提高了土壤的理化性能，具有显著的环保和经济效益。

关键词：秸秆粉碎机；小型移动式；传动机构；刀片设计；三维建模

英文摘要

Abstract: With the annual increase in corn production, a large amount of straw and stubble has become a major challenge for farmers before planting. To address this issue, a small mobile straw crusher has been developed. This design aims to create an efficient and environmentally friendly small mobile straw crusher that uses an evenly distributed shock-absorbing knife arrangement and is operated by a tractor with rear suspension. The knives adopt a Y-shaped structure and combine gear and belt transmissions to achieve straw crushing and return to the field. Detailed calculations and analyses of the transmission mechanism, working components, blade design, tractor performance parameters, and suspension system ensure the stability and efficiency of the machine. Additionally, this design includes checks on the slope stability performance index and the lifting capacity of the tractor suspension cylinder to ensure stable operation under various working conditions. Through three-dimensional modeling technology, the modeling and assembly of various machine components have been completed, further validating the rationality of the design. This design not only solves the problem of straw disposal for farmers but also improves the physicochemical properties of the soil, yielding significant environmental and economic benefits.

Keywords: straw crusher; small mobile; transmission mechanism; blade design; three-dimensional modeling

目 录

1 引言 1

1.1 机械化小型移动式秸秆粉碎机的目的及意义 1

1.2 机械化还田技术的现状 1

1.3 机械化小型移动式秸秆粉碎机技术的发展趋势 1

2 技术任务书 2

3 设计计算说明书 2

3.1 总体设计 2

3.1.1 传动机构 3

3.1.2 工作部件 3

3.1.3 小型移动式秸秆粉碎机机刀片的设计几个问题 4

3.1.4 拖拉机的性能参数 5

3.1.5 悬挂设计 8

3.2 主要工作部件设计计算 10

3.2.1 基本参数计算 10

3.2.2 锥齿轮的设计计算 11

3.2.3 皮带轮的设计计算 15

3.2.4 轴的设计计算 18

3.3 性能的校核 26

3.3.1 爬坡稳定性能指数 26

3.3.2 拖拉机悬挂机构油缸提升能力校核 27

3.4. 三维建模效果 27

3.4.1一轴 27

3.4.2二轴 28

3.4.3刀轴 28

3.4.4小锥齿轮轴 29

3.4.5大锥齿轮 29

3.4.6框架 30

3.4.7大带轮 31

3.4.8小带轮 32

3.4.9装配总图 33

3.4.10爆炸图 34

3.5二维零件图 34

3.5.1一轴 35

3.5.2二轴 35

3.5.3锥齿轮 36

3.5.4带轮 36

3.5.5装配总图 37

3.6使用说明书 37

4 标准化审查报告 38

4.1 产品图样的审查 38

4.2 产品技术文件的审查 38

4.3 标注件的使用情况 39

4.4 审查结论 39

结论 39

参考文献 40

致谢 41