目    录

第一章前言 

1.1课题背景及意义 

1.2电梯国内外发展现状及趋势 

1.2.1国内外现状 

1.2.1发展趋势 

1.3 PLC发展概述 

1.4 课题研究内容 

第二章总体方案 

2.1电梯驱动系统分析及选择 

2.2曳引式电梯的工作原理 

2.3机械总体方案概述 

2.4控制系统方案选择 

第三章机械部分设计‘ 

3.1 电机功率计算 

3.2曳引力计算 

3.2.1 对重重量 

3.2.2 包角计算 

3.2.3 V=1.0m/s曳引计算 

3.2.4  V=1.6m/s曳引计算 

3.3  钢丝绳安全系数计算 

3.3.1 Nequiv(t)的计算 

3.3.2 Nequiv（p）的计算 

3.3.3许用安全系数的计算 

3.3.4电梯曳引钢丝绳安全系数S的计算 

3.4  轿厢架设计计算 

3.4.1轿厢架上梁的计算 

3.4.2下梁强度计算 

3.4.3轿厢架立柱的计算 

3.6轿厢减震垫的计算 

3.7平衡补偿链计算 

第四章控制电路设计 

4.1 PLC选型及I/O端口分配 

4.1.1 PLC选型 

4.1.2 I/O端口分配 

4.2 电机控制电路 

4.3 PLC外部接线图 

第五章程序设计 

5.1 流程分析 

5.2 梯形图编写 

5.2.1 电梯初始化 

5.2.2报警器及超重控制 

5.2.3 内指令信号的登记与消除 

5.2.4内指令信号的登记与消除 

5.2.5 外召唤信号的登记与消除 

5.2.6电梯开关门 

5.2.7 电梯指层控制 

第六章总结 

致谢 

参考文献 

基于plc的五层电梯控制系统设计

摘  要

本文旨在设计一套基于PLC（可编程逻辑控制器）的五层电梯控制系统，以提升电梯的运行效率、可靠性和节能性。随着高层建筑的不断增多，电梯作为现代城市垂直运输的重要工具，其性能优化成为关键。本文首先分析了电梯在国内外的发展现状和趋势，以及PLC技术的发展概况。随后，提出了采用变频调速技术和PLC控制的电梯系统总体方案。该系统由轿厢、曳引机构、开关门机构、PLC控制器、变频器等核心部件组成，实现了对电梯运行的精确控制。通过PLC编程，实现了电梯的自动运行、呼梯响应、楼层显示、超载保护等功能。同时，利用变频调速技术，实现了电梯的平滑启动、稳定运行和节能降耗。实验结果表明，该系统具有较高的稳定性和可靠性，能够满足五层建筑的电梯运行需求。

关键词：PLC；电梯控制系统；变频调速；运行效率；节能性

Design of a five-story elevator control system based on plc

Abstract

This paper aims to design a set of five-storey elevator control system based on PLC (programmable logic controller) to improve the operation efficiency, reliability and energy saving of the elevator. With the increasing number of high-rise buildings, the elevator, as an important tool of modern urban vertical transportation, its performance optimization has become the key. This paper first analyzes the development status and trend of elevator at home and abroad, as well as the development situation of PLC technology. Then, the overall scheme of elevator system with frequency frequency control technology and PLC control is put forward. The system is composed of the car, traction machine structure, opening and closing mechanism, PLC controller, frequency converter and other core components, which realizes the precise control of the elevator operation. Through PLC programming, the elevator automatic operation, call ladder response, floor display, overload protection and other functions. At the same time, the use of frequency conversion speed regulation technology, to realize the elevator smooth start, stable operation and energy saving and consumption reduction. The experimental results show that the system has high stability and reliability, and can meet the elevator operation requirements of five-story buildings.

Key words: PLC; elevator control system; frequency conversion speed control; operation efficiency; energy saving