摘要

近年来，家禽养殖业作为农业中的重要组成部分催生了众多养殖基地，其相关公共卫生问题也日益凸显。禽流感作为特别重大突发公共卫生事件，它的出现让人类清醒的认识到家禽养殖不仅仅是经济利益，同时也事关生态环境与人类健康。鸡类作为家禽养殖业的主力军、禽流感的重要载体，其养殖环境愈发引人关注。此次设计了一款基于STC89C52单片机的鸡舍环境监测系统，通过DHT11检测温湿度；通过MQ-135检测鸡舍内有害气体；通过DS1302时钟电路同步时间，可以设定开灯的时间区；通过光敏电阻检测光照值；通过按键可修正时间、设置温湿度上限值、光照最低值、气体最大值、开灯的时间区，还可以手动控制通风和开灯及切换模式；通过显示屏显示测量数据；当监测到鸡舍环境异常时进行相对应的处理，当气体浓度大于设置的最大值、温湿度大于设置最大值进行通风；当鸡舍光照低于设置的最小值时，进行补光处理。感知层对应鸡舍环境参数的监测，通过多个传感器对鸡舍环境进行监测；通过温湿度传感器、光照采集传感器、空气质量传感器采集相关的环境参数。目前，本系统在鸡舍真实环境下调试成功，实现了对鸡舍环境的实时监测与准确判断，解决了当前鸡舍内环境因子难以精准、稳定监测的问题。本系统采用自组网技术，全程无线传输，使系统安装简便、维护简单、可操作性强，同时，本系统功耗较低、成本较低、使用便捷，因而具有现实意义和推广价值。

关键词：温湿度；鸡舍环境监测；有害气体；光照

Abstract

In recent years, as an important part of agriculture, poultry breeding industry has spawned many breeding bases, and its related public health problems have become increasingly prominent. Avian influenza, as a particularly serious public health emergency, makes people realize that poultry breeding is not only economic benefits, but also concerns the ecological environment and human health. As the main force of poultry industry and an important carrier of avian influenza, the breeding environment of chickens has attracted more and more attention. The design of a STC89C52 microcontroller based environmental monitoring system for chicken coop, through DHT11 detection of temperature and humidity; Detection of harmful gas in chicken coop through MQ-135; Through DS1302 clock circuit synchronization time, you can set the time area of the light; Light value is detected by photoresistor; By pressing the button, you can correct the time, set the upper limit of temperature and humidity, the lowest light value, the maximum gas value, and the time zone of turning on the lamp. You can also manually control ventilation, turning on the lamp and switching modes; Display measurement data through the display screen; When the abnormal environment of the chicken house is detected, the corresponding processing is carried out. When the gas concentration is greater than the maximum value set, the temperature and humidity is greater than the maximum value set, the ventilation is carried out. When the light in the chicken house is lower than the minimum value set, fill light processing is carried out. The sensing layer corresponds to the monitoring of environmental parameters of the chicken house, and the environment of the chicken house is monitored through a number of sensors. The temperature and humidity sensor, light sensor, and air quality sensor are used to collect related environmental parameters. At present, the system has been successfully debugging in the real environment of the coop, realizing the real-time monitoring and accurate judgment of the coop environment, and solving the problem that the environmental factors in the coop are difficult to accurately and stably monitor. The system uses AD hoc networking technology, the whole wireless transmission, so that the system installation is simple, simple maintenance, strong operability, at the same time, the system is low power consumption, low cost, easy to use, so it has practical significance and promotion value.

Keywords:Temperature and humidity; Environmental monitoring of chicken coop; Harmful gas; Light