摘要

特色果业引领我国农民走上一条致富之路，在园艺环节中，对果树进行开沟施肥既能增加产量又能保证质量。据了解，目前我国果树的开沟施肥工作依旧依靠人力。这主要是因为我国现在的施肥开沟机大多数需要和大中型拖拉机配套使用，所以在一些大型拖拉机不能进入的地段开挖沟渠会变的特别困难。本文针对开沟的，，对进行了相关研究剖析，设计了，以此来满足不同地段的开沟需要。

本文根据果园开沟施肥的园艺要求确定该开沟机的设计参数，对开沟机进行运动学分析，并对开沟机消耗的功率进行计算。之后完成开沟机关键部件的结构设计，绘制其主要零部件的二维图和三维图，并对各零件图进行组装，完成其装配图。

本文所设计的化肥开沟机采用，这种开沟机，，容易操纵，并且开出的沟，。该开沟机配合小型拖拉机使用，操作灵活，通过性好，适应性强，工作效率比较高。为了保持沟底平整，用主梁尾部的刮土板刮出沟底的土。相比于之前的开沟机，本机的综合性能得到了很大的提升，能够满足，可以带来。

关键词：果树；开沟机；链式；刮土板

Abstract

Characteristic fruit industry to lead our farmers embarked on a road to get rich, in the gardening link, the fruit tree ditch fertilization can increase production and can guarantee the quality. It is understood that China's fruit ditch fertilization work is still basically in the stage of artificial operations. This is mainly because of the current fertilization ditching machine and most of the large and medium-sized tractors supporting the use of supporting, so some large tractors can not enter the lot of excavation trench will become particularly difficult. In this paper, according to the present situation and demand of modern orchard fertilization and ditching, combined with the requirements of gardening, the development process of fertilization and ditching machine at home and abroad has been studied and analyzed. The small-scale fertilization ditching machine of this type has been designed to meet different The need for ditching.

In this paper, the design parameters of the ditching machine are determined according to the gardening requirements of the furrow fertilization, the kinematic analysis of the ditching machine is carried out, and the power consumed by the ditching machine is calculated. After the completion of the key components of the structural design of the ditching machine, drawing its main parts of the two-dimensional map and three-dimensional map, and the assembly of the parts to complete the assembly diagram.

In this paper, the design of the chemical fertilizer ditching machine with chain structure, this ditching machine structure compact, easy to install, easy to manipulate, and out of the ditch wall is relatively neat, ditch bottom does not leave the soil. The trencher with a small tractor use, flexible operation, through the good, strong adaptability, high efficiency. In order to maintain the ditch at the end of the formation, with the bottom of the main beam of the scraping plate scraping the bottom of the soil. Compared to the previous ditching machine, the overall performance of the machine has been greatly improved, to meet the needs of modern horticulture, can bring considerable social and economic benefits.

Keywords：Fruit tree; Ditching machine; Chain;Scraper board