摘  要

小型自动植树机旨在应对当前植树造林工作中效率低下、成活率低的问题，通过机械化、自动化的方式，提高植树效率与树苗成活率。该设备特别适用于我国西北平原地区，其地域针对性和实用性显著。

该植树机主要由液压系统、挖坑机构、覆土机构、镇土机构及投苗机构等部分组成。其中，挖坑机构负责高效准确地挖掘树坑，覆土机构则将土壤覆盖于树苗周围，投苗机构精准投放树苗，而镇土机构则通过创新的“V”字型设计，不仅压实土壤，还有效防止雨水积聚，为树苗提供更好的生长环境。

创新点在于镇土机构的“V”字型设计，这一设计不仅提高了镇土效果，还解决了传统镇土方式中易积水的问题，进一步提升了树苗的成活率。

此设计的社会效益显著，不仅能提高植树造林的工作效率，减少人力成本，还能有效保证树苗的成活率，推动生态环境的改善与保护。对于我国西北平原地区的植树造林工作，该小型自动植树机具有积极的推广价值，为我国的生态文明建设贡献力量。

关键词：小型自动植树机；挖坑机构；覆土机构；镇土机构；投苗机构

Abstract

The tree planting machine is mainly composed of hydraulic system, excavation mechanism, soil covering mechanism, town soil mechanism and seedling casting mechanism and other parts. Among them, the pit organization is responsible for efficiently and accurately digging the tree pit, the soil covering mechanism covers the soil around the saplings, and the seedling casting mechanism accurately put the saplings, and the town soil organization is not only through the innovative "V" type design, compacting the soil, but also effectively prevent the accumulation of rainwater, to provide a better growth environment for the saplings.

The innovation point lies in the "V" type design of the town soil organization, which not only improves the effect of the town soil, but also solves the problem of easy water in the traditional way of town soil, and further improves the survival rate of saplings.

The social benefits of this design are remarkable, which can not only improve the work efficiency of afforestation, reduce labor costs, but also effectively ensure the survival rate of saplings, and promote the improvement and protection of the ecological environment. For the afforestation work in the northwest plain area of China, the small automatic tree planting machine has positive promotion value and contributes to the construction of ecological civilization in China.

Key words: small automatic tree planting machine; pit digging mechanism; soil covering mechanism; town soil mechanism; seedling casting mechanism

目  录

摘  要

Abstract

1  绪  论

1.1  选题背景及意义

1.1.1  选题背景

1.1.2  选题意义

1.2 国内外研究现状及发展趋势

1.2.1 国内研究现状

1.2.2 国外研究现状

1.2.3 发展趋势

1.3 本文研究内容

2  小型自动植树机执行机构设计

2.1  小型自动植树机简述

2.2  转向机构设计

2.3  钻坑机构设计

2.3.1钻坑机构总体设计

2.3.2  钻头的设计

2.4  同步带移苗机构设计

2.5  机械手送苗机构设计

2.6  覆土机构设计

2.7  镇土机构设计

2.8  浇水机构设计

3  运动和动力分析

3.1  覆土机构分析

3.1.1  降落地面过程

3.1.2 机构的地面覆土过程

3.2 镇土机构分析

3.3 气缸分析

4  控制部分

4.1  小型自动植树机植树过程流程

4.2  车体转向控制

4.3  钻坑控制

4.4  移苗、装苗控制

4.5  机械手控制

4.6  覆土控制

4.7  镇土控制

4.8  覆土、镇土之间的协调控制

5  总结与展望

5.1  总结

5.2  展望

参 考 文 献

致  谢