摘  要

我国是世界上的人口大国，并且由于计划生育等政策，导致近年来随着人口的增长和时间的推移，社会的老龄化程度逐渐成为我国社会所需要面临的主要问题，随之而来的是就医看病人数的增加，以及需要长期服用药物的慢性病患者的增多。由于到医院看病买药的人数增多，将导致医院药房的工作量急剧增大。药品的进库摆放与发放已经超出了一些药房的承受能力，药师的工作劳动强度巨大。针对此种现象和问题，降低药师的劳动强度，许多医院都引入了自动化取药装置。此种装置能够一定程度上缩短取药的时间，提高工作的效率，同时减少和避免由于药师由于高劳动强度导致的发放错误药物的问题。

本课题将以药房自动取药装置为研究的对象，设计一种能够进行自动取药的机械手。在设计的过程中，根据取药过程对机械手的机构运动原理进行分析，确定机械手的运动方式，合理的选择驱动元件和执行机构，使用Solidworks软件对所设计的内容进行三维零件的绘制并进行装配。并在使用软件进行设计的过程中，及时调整和完善设计的内容。

关键词：自动取药；机械手；结构设计

Abstract

China is the world ’s most populous country, and due to family planning and other policies, with the increase of population and the passage of time in recent years, the ageing of society has gradually become a major problem that our society needs to face. The increase in the number of patients visiting the doctor and the number of chronically ill patients who require long-term medication. Due to the increase in the number of people visiting the hospital to buy medicine, the workload of the hospital pharmacy will increase dramatically. The storage and distribution of medicines has exceeded the capacity of some pharmacies, and the labor intensity of pharmacists is huge. In response to this phenomenon and problem, reducing the labor intensity of pharmacists, many hospitals have introduced automated medicine taking devices. This kind of device can shorten the time of taking medicine to a certain extent, improve the efficiency of work, and reduce and avoid the problem of dispensing the wrong medicine due to the high labor intensity of the pharmacist.

This subject will take the automatic drug taking device of the pharmacy as the research object, and design a manipulator capable of automatic drug taking. In the design process, analyze the mechanical movement principle of the manipulator according to the medicine taking process, determine the movement mode of the manipulator, select the driving components and actuators reasonably, use Solidworks software to draw and assemble the 3D parts of the designed content. . And in the process of using software to design, timely adjust and improve the design content.

Keywords: Automatic medicine taking; Manipulator; Structural design