摘 要
为推进设施农业快速发展，首先是要发展相适应的设施农业机械。目前，我国在果园、大棚、丘陵、山区这种地块小，高差大，又无机耕道的旱地耕作机械化水平还比较低，大多数作业扔依靠传统的手工劳作，强度大，效率低。松土作业是一项基础性作业，针对国内现有旱地耕作机械存在着体积大，适应性差，价格高等问题，研制了适宜于国内上述地形的小型旱地松土机，本文所设计的小型松土机亦属于旋耕机的范畴。
该小型旋耕松土机能广泛适用于田间耕作，塑料大棚、烟草、苗圃、果园、茶园的松土作业。并且具有重量轻、体积小、结构简单、操作方便、易于维修、油耗低、生产效率高的特点。
为便于该机的推广，松土机的配置进行了简化。整机主要由2.5HP单缸二冲程汽油发动机、摩擦离合器、蜗杆蜗轮减速器、旋耕刀盘等机构组成。发动机提供动力，通过摩擦离合器与传动轴连接，传动轴在经蜗杆蜗轮减速器将动力传递到刀轴驱动刀盘进行耕作。此外，发动机只提供松土动力，机架本身的行走、转向均由人工控制。
为减轻整机质量和减小外形尺寸以及降低造价，在满足使用要求的前提下，用螺纹连接代替传动轴与蜗杆的联轴器连接，蜗杆蜗轮减速器的结构也进行了简化，省去一般要求的油箱与风扇。
关键词：旱地松土机；摩擦离合器 ；蜗杆蜗轮减速器。
Abstract
To advance the facilities of agriculture fast development, the first is to develop facilities that can meet the needs of agricultural machinery. At present, in our country, the orchard, greenhouses, hills, small mountains, elevation difference is big, and no JiGengDao dryland farming mechanization level is low, most of the homework relying on traditional manual labor, intensity big, the efficiency is low. Scarification operation is a fundamental operation, in view of the domestic existing dry farming machinery there is a large volume, poor adaptability, price is high, has been developed suitable for domestic small upland terrain above scarifier, in this paper, the design of small tiller also belongs to the category of the rotary cultivator.
The small rotary tillage cultivating function, is widely used in the field farming plastic greenhouses, tobacco, nursery, garden, tea garden digging. With light weight, small volume, simple structure, convenient operation, easy maintenance, low fuel consumption, high efficiency characteristics.
To facilitate this promotion, digging machine configuration is simplified. 2.5 HP machine is mainly composed of single cylinder two stroke gasoline engine, friction clutch, worm, worm gear reducer, rotary tillage blade wheel etc. Engine powered by friction clutch is connected to the drive shaft, the shaft in the worm worm gear reducer will power to the knife shaft drive the knife dish for farming. In addition, the engine only provide vehicle power, frame itself walk, change all by manual control.
To reduce the quality and reduce the overall dimensions and reduce cost, on the premise of meet the use requirements, use the threaded connection instead of the drive shaft and the worm shaft coupling, worm worm gear reducer structure is simplified, save the fuel tank for general requirements and the fan.
Keywords: upland scarifier,friction clutch ,worm gear reducer.
目录
1 绪论
1.1 开发松土机的目的和意义
1.2 国内外研究现状与发展趋势
2 方案设计
2.1 技术要求
2.2 结构方案设计
2.3 传动方案设计
3 松土机工作参数的设计
3.1 刀轴转速的确定
3.2 耕幅的确定
3.3 参数校核
3.4 旋耕刀的配置与排列
4 传动设计
4.1 减速器的设计
4.2 传动轴的设计
4.3 传动轴两端链接的设计
4.3.1 传动轴与蜗杆连接部分的设计
4.3.2传动轴与离合器连接部分的设计
5 离合器的设计
5.1 离合器类型的选择
5.2 离合器的结构设计见图纸
5.3 离合器中螺旋压缩弹簧的设计
5.4 螺栓的选取
6 减速器的设计
6.1 减速器的结构设计见图纸
6.2 刀轴的设计
6.3 减速器中蜗杆两端轴承的选用与校核
6.4 减速器蜗轮两端轴承的设计与校核
参考文献
致谢
