炒茶机设计
摘 要
茶叶揉捻是所有茶叶加工中不可或缺的一个工艺,它主要是利用手对茶叶的搓揉将茶叶搓紧成条,体积逐渐缩小,形状变成条状,同时使部分茶汁溢出,从而有利于干茶冲泡。但由于使用传统的人工炒制方式容易导致揉捻后的茶叶品质参差不齐,工人劳动强度过高,产量效益也较差,因此无法形成大规模产量,为改善这个情况,应研发一款小型茶叶揉捻机。因此,本设计着重在通用零件和执行装置层面上设计出一种新型小型茶叶揉捻机构,以降低劳动强度,促进机械化、机电一体化的现代化农业生产。设计的小型茶叶揉捻设备主要包括马达、减速器、压力机构、揉桶、揉桶盖、揉盘等部件。
这种设计的创新性是:在揉桶盖下面的锥表面,设置了多条棱骨,这样的布置既能保证茶叶在受到桶的下部和揉盘上的棱骨作用进行揉搓的同时,又能均匀地在桶的上部进行搓揉,这样可以有效地加快茶叶的揉搓速度,让茶叶的揉捻质量更加均匀,这样才能更好地提高茶叶的质量和档次;而且,将传统的揉捻机的螺杆压力装置改为杠杆式压力机构,使挤压工艺更加简便、方便。
关键词: 茶叶;炒茶机构;结构设计;揉捻工艺
DESIGN OF TEA FRYING MACHINE
ABSTRACT
Tea rolling is an indispensable process in all tea processing. It mainly uses the hand rubbing of tea to tighten the tea into strips. The volume gradually shrinks and the shape becomes strips. At the same time, some tea juice overflows, which is conducive to the brewing of dry tea. However, due to the use of the traditional manual frying method, it is easy to lead to the uneven quality of tea after rolling, the labor intensity of workers is too high, and the output benefit is also poor. Therefore, large-scale output cannot be formed. In order to improve this situation, a small tea rolling machine should be developed. Therefore, this design focuses on designing a new small tea rolling mechanism at the level of general parts and executive devices, so as to reduce labor intensity and promote modern agricultural production of mechanization and mechatronics. The designed small tea rolling equipment mainly includes motor, reducer, pressure mechanism, kneading barrel, kneading barrel cover, kneading plate and other parts.
The innovation of this design is: multiple ribs are set on the conical surface under the kneading barrel cover. This arrangement can not only ensure that the tea can be kneaded by the ribs on the lower part of the barrel and the kneading plate, but also be kneaded evenly on the upper part of the barrel, which can effectively speed up the kneading speed of tea and make the kneading quality of tea more uniform, so as to better improve the quality and grade of tea; Moreover, the screw pressure device of the traditional rolling machine is changed into a lever pressure mechanism, which makes the extrusion process more simple and convenient.
KEY WORDS:Tea leaves; automatic tea-frying mechanism; structural design; rolling process.