温室大棚自动卷帘机的设计

摘  要

随着农业科技的发展，温室大棚对于人们日常生活中的水果蔬菜供应越来越重要，因此温室大棚的辅助设备的重要性日益提高。而温室大棚自动卷帘机可以帮助大棚种植者减轻劳动强度，方便收放保温被。在经过调查市面上现有的卷帘机设备后，设计一款结构稳定，安全可靠、且适用于大跨距后墙式温室大棚的卷帘机。卷帘机主体由电动机、导轨支架、减速器以及卷帘轴组成，通过倒顺开关控制电动机的正反转来控制保温被或者草帘的收放。在对卷帘机系统进行受力分析时，将卷帘机的卷帘轴与保温被看作一个整体，对其在温室大棚上的运动做受力分析，确定了卷帘机在运行过程中所受到的最大阻力矩，从而选定所需的电动机，再对各级传动路线的传动比进行分配。其中卷帘机的主要传动路线依次为V带传动、蜗杆传动以及斜齿轮传动。蜗杆传动与斜齿轮传动构成减速器的主体结构。在减速器的输出轴两侧，通过联轴器及法兰盘，将横跨大棚的卷帘轴连接起来，再将保温被固定在卷帘轴上，实现保温被随着卷帘轴的上下滚动而收放。温室大棚的中间安装导轨支架，卷帘机主体的支架通过滑轮与导轨相连接，从而保证运行的平稳性。

关键词：卷帘机；温室大棚；减速器

Design of automatic curtain rolling machine in greenhouse

ABSTRACT

With the development of agricultural science and technology, greenhouse is more and more important for the supply of fruits and vegetables in People's Daily life, so the importance of greenhouse auxiliary equipment is increasing.And greenhouse automatic rolling machine can help greenhouse growers reduce labor intensity, convenient to put heat preservation quilt.After investigating the existing rolling curtain machine equipment on the market, the design of a stable structure, safe and reliable, and suitable for large span back wall greenhouse rolling curtain machine.The main body of the rolling curtain machine is composed of a motor, a guide rail bracket, a reducer and a rolling curtain shaft, which is controlled by a reverse switch to control the forward and reverse of the motor to control the retracting of the heat preservation quilt or the straw curtain.When stress analysis was carried out on the shutter machine system, shutter machine roller shaft and heat preservation is regarded as a whole, the movement in greenhouses do force analysis, determines the shutter machine in the process of running by maximum torque, to select the required motor, then distribute to all levels of transmission route of transmission ratio.The main transmission route of the rolling curtain machine is V belt transmission, worm transmission and helical gear transmission.Worm drive and helical gear drive constitute the main structure of the reducer.On both sides of the output shaft of the reducer, through the coupling and flannel, the curtain shaft across the greenhouse is connected, and then the heat preservation is fixed on the curtain shaft, to realize the heat preservation is rolled up and down with the curtain shaft.The guide rail bracket is installed in the middle of the greenhouse, and the support of the main body of the rolling curtain machine is connected with the guide rail through the pulley, so as to ensure the smooth operation.

KEY WORDS: Rolling machine; Greenhouse;Reducer