摘　　要

本设计以4G63发动机的相关参数作为参考，对四缸汽油机的发动机曲轴机构的主要零部件曲轴等进行了结构设计计算，并对发动机曲轴机构进行了有关运动学和动力学的理论分析与计算机有限元分析。

首先，以运动学和动力学的理论知识为依据，对发动机曲轴机构的运动规律以及在运动中的受力等问题进行详尽的分析，并得到了精确的分析结果。其次分别对曲轴进行详细的结构设计，并进行了结构强度和刚度的校核。再次，应用三维CAD软件：UG建立了发动机曲轴机构中曲轴的几何模型。而曲轴，作为发动机的主要运动部件，其性能优劣直接影响到发动机的可靠性和寿命。在周期性变化的动载荷作用下，曲轴内将产生交变的弯曲应力和扭转应力，极易在过渡圆角等应力集中部位发生弯曲疲劳破坏和扭转破坏。随着发动机的不断强化，曲轴的工作条件愈加苛刻。本文对发动机曲轴进行符合实际条件的建模，采用ANSYS对其进行三维有限元分析，研究了整体曲轴的变形和应力状况，根据应力响应结果并结合材料特性，校核了载荷下的强度，为发动机曲轴改进设计中的分析提供了理论依据。

关键词：发动机；发动机曲轴机构；受力分析；曲轴；UG；有限元分析

ABSTRACT

The 4G63 engine design parameters as a reference, on four-cylinder gasoline engine crank crankshaft, etc. The main components of structural design calculations, and the crank was on the theory of kinematics and dynamics analysis Finite element analysis computer.

First, the kinematics and dynamics of theoretical knowledge as the basis, the motion law of crank rod system and the structural problems in sports, and a comprehensive analysis of the precise analysis results obtained. Next to the crankshaft respectively detailed structure design, and a structure strength and stiffness checking. Again, use 3d CAD software: UG established in crank rod system of crankshaft geometric model. And, as the main engine crankshaft, its performance movement part quality directly affect the engine reliability and life expectancy. In periodically dynamic load, crankshaft will produce alternating within the bending stress of the torsional stress, easily with the stress concentration areas such as transitional fillet bending fatigue damage occurred and twisting damage. With the engine crankshaft constantly strengthened, the more harsh working conditions. This paper to accord with the actual conditions of engine crankshaft modeling, using ANSYS, the three-dimensional finite element analysis of the whole of the crankshaft research, according to the deformation and stress conditions stress response results and material properties, checked with the strength of the load for design improvement, the analysis engine crankshaft provides theoretical basis.

Key words: Engine；Crank；Stress Analysis；Crankshaft Pro / E；Finite Element Analysis