摘要

伴随着我国经济的蓬勃发展，电梯作为垂直运输的关键工具，其重要性日益凸显，与人们的日常生活紧密相连。电梯作为集成了机械原理、电气控制技术等多学科知识与技术的机电设备，其设计与制造的复杂性不言而喻。本设计以650㎏载重的乘客电梯为蓝本，依据已学的电梯知识，对电梯的关键机械部件进行了深入的设计与研究。

在设计过程中，我们首先对曳引机、钢丝绳等核心部件进行了细致的选型与设计，随后通过精确的计算，确定了各部件的结构参数与尺寸。为确保设计的准确性与实用性，我们进一步对这些关键机械部件进行了设计，并通过动画仿真技术模拟了电梯的运行状态。最后，利用AUTO CAD软件绘制了电梯起升机构中的限速器、操纵装置、安全钳、缓冲器等关键部分的图纸，并绘制了电梯系统的总图。

鉴于电梯机构对安全性能的极高要求，我们特别对曳引机、钢丝绳等关键部件进行了严格的校核与验证，以确保其在实际使用中的安全性与稳定性。通过此次设计，我们不仅对电梯的关键机械部件有了更深入的理解，也为今后电梯的设计与优化提供了宝贵的经验。

关键词：曳引机；钢丝绳；电梯安全性能；CAD；电梯曳引

Abstract

With the vigorous development of China's economy, the elevator, as a key tool of vertical transportation, is increasingly important, which is closely connected with People's Daily life. As a mechanical and electrical equipment that integrates mechanical principles, electrical control technology and other multidisciplinary knowledge and technology, the complexity of its design and manufacturing is self-evident. This design is based on the 650 ㎏ load passenger elevator.

According to the learned elevator knowledge, the key mechanical components of the elevator are deeply designed and studied. In the design process, we first carried out the detailed selection and design of the core components such as traction machine and wire rope, and then determined the structural parameters and dimensions of each component through accurate calculation. In order to ensure the accuracy and practicality of the design, we further conducted 3 D modeling of these key mechanical components, and simulated the operation state of the elevator through animation simulation technology. Finally, the drawings of the speed limiter, control device, safety clamp, buffer and other key parts in the elevator lifting mechanism are drawn by AUTO CAD software, and the general drawing of the elevator system is drawn.

In view of the high requirements of safety performance of the elevator mechanism, we have specially carried out strict check and verification of key components such as traction machine and wire rope to ensure their safety and stability in actual use. Through this design, we not only have a deeper understanding of the key mechanical components of the elevator, but also provide valuable experience for the future design and optimization of the elevator.

Key words: traction machine; steel wire rope; elevator safety performance; CAD; elevator traction