摘  要

本文旨在探讨300MW机组汽轮机1段抽汽加热器的设计与热力分析。首先，基于机组热力计算的给水温度、加热温升（或焓升）、抽汽压力及温度、抽汽量等关键参数，详细分析了加热器的设计需求。随后，通过查阅同类型机组高加或低加的资料，对比不同型式的优缺点，选定适合的高加或低加加热器型式。接着，完成了高加或低加的热力计算及结构计算，确定了加热器的各项设计参数。利用绘图软件，绘制了高加或低加加热器的结构图，直观地展示了加热器的构造与布局。最后，对加热器内的温度变化进行了深入分析，揭示了抽汽加热过程中水流的热交换规律，为优化加热器性能提供了理论依据。

关键词：300MW机组；汽轮机；抽汽加热器；热力计算；热力分析

Abstract

This paper aims to discuss the design and thermal analysis of steam heater of 300MW unit. First of all, based on the feed water temperature, heating temperature rise (or enthalpy rise), steam extraction pressure and temperature, steam extraction volume and other key parameters, the design requirements of the heater are analyzed in detail. Subsequently, by consulting the same type of unit high or low plus data, comparing the advantages and disadvantages of different types, select the suitable high or low plus heater type. Then, the thermal calculation and structure calculation of high or low plus were completed, and the design parameters of the heater were determined. Using the drawing software, the structure diagram of the high or low plus heater directly shows the structure and layout of the heater. Finally, the temperature change in the heater is analyzed in depth to revealing the heat exchange law of water flow in the extraction heating process, which provides a theoretical basis for optimizing the performance of the heater.

Key words: 300MW unit; steam turbine; steam extraction heater; thermodynamic calculation; thermodynamic analysis