摘 要
谷物在我国的膳食中占有重要的地位，被当作传统的主食。谷物的干燥处理是加工、贮运和运输的首要工作，干燥不及时会发生霉变，造成经济损失，因此国家标准规定谷物的安全储存水分为14.5%左右。由于我国农村能源的长期短缺，农村里谷物干燥处理的机械化、自动化程度相对较低，仍然以自然摊晒方式为主。自然摊晒的干燥方式，不仅干燥周期长，受气候变化影响和制约，而且难以控制谷物的干燥品质。
本文设计了一种具有实用性和可行性的太阳能谷物干燥机，系统地了解了谷物干燥机的分类和依据，以及干燥机的整体构造和工作原理。根据农村谷物干燥现状，完成了太阳能谷物干燥机的总体设计方案，依据太阳能谷物干燥机的干燥能力进行热量衡算，确定了太阳能板参数、热源功率、平粮装置、进料装置、集料装置、传动装置、循环风机、排湿风机等关键零部件的选型和校核。结合智能控制技术，设计了温湿度控制系统，以提高谷物的干燥品质。同时，绘制了所设计的太阳能谷物干燥机的结构装配图以及各个组成部件的零件图，并对设计的太阳能谷物干燥机的热性能进行分析，模拟内部温湿度分布。最后，提供了一份设计说明书，包括零件图分析、设计方案确定、热量计算等内容。
关键词：太阳能谷物干燥机；结构设计；热量衡算；智能控制；温湿度分布
Abstract
Grain occupies an important position in the diet of our country and is regarded as a traditional staple food. The drying treatment of grain is the primary work of processing, storage and transportation. Without timely drying, mildew will occur and cause economic losses. Therefore, the national standard stipulates that the safe storage of water of grain is about 14.5%. Due to the long-term shortage of rural energy in China, the mechanization and automation degree of grain drying treatment in rural areas are relatively low, which is still mainly natural spread. The drying mode of natural drying not only the drying cycle is affected and restricted by climate change, and it is difficult to control the drying quality of grain. This paper designs a practical and feasible solar grain dryer, and systematically understands the classification and basis of the grain dryer, as well as the overall construction and working principle of the dryer.
According to the present situation of rural grain drying, completed the overall design of solar grain dryer, on the basis of solar grain dryer drying capacity of heat balance, determine the solar panel parameters, heat source power, flat grain device, feed device, aggregate device, transmission device, circulation fan, wet fan key components such as selection and check. Combined with the intelligent control technology, the temperature and humidity control system is designed to improve the drying quality of the grain. At the same time, the structure assembly diagram of the designed solar grain dryer and the part diagram of each component are drawn, and the thermal performance of the designed solar grain dryer is analyzed to simulate the internal temperature and humidity distribution. Finally, a design specification is provided, including part drawing analysis, design scheme determination, heat calculation and so on.
Key words: solar grain dryer; structure design; heat balance; intelligent control; temperature and humidity distribution
目录
摘 要
Abstract
1 绪论
1.1 谷物干燥的意义
1.2 谷物干燥机理
1.3发展分析
1.3.1 太阳能干燥机的前景
1.3.2 太阳能热水器原理及优势
1.3.3 水介质的优势
2 太阳能谷物干燥机工作过程设计
2.1 干燥机基本工作简述
2.2 谷物干燥机的基本设计要求
3 干燥机设计
3.1 搅拌机的容积设计
3.1.2 热量计算
4 动力装置选用
4.1叶片设计
4.1.1 叶片选用
4.1.2 主轴转速的确定
4.2 传动装置设计
4.2.1 传动链设计
4.2.2 电动机选择
4.2.3 带轮设计
4.4 太阳能电池板选择
5 其它部件的选用
5.1 搅拌机底座支架
5.2 水管
5.3 水泵和阀门
5.4 搅拌机材料
总结
主要参考文献
致谢
