摘 要
开关电源是现代电力电子设备中不可或缺的一部分，其高效与高品质电能转换控制策略对于提高设备性能和降低能源消耗具有重要意义。本文以Buck型DC-DC变换器为研究对象，探讨了开关电源的高效与高品质电能转换控制策略，包括输入电压、输出电压、电流、功率因数和效率等方面的优化控制。
本文首先介绍了开关电源的基本概念和应用背景，阐述了高效与高品质电能转换控制策略的重要性和研究意义。接着，通过理论分析和电路实验，研究了Buck型DC-DC变换器的电路原理和三种工作模式，并选择了连续导通模式进行数学模型搭建。结合脉冲宽度调制原理，设计了外环电压环控制和内环电流环控制结构的Buck电路的电压-电流控制模式。
在此基础上，本文提出了两种新的Buck电路控制策略：基于GPI观测器的积分终端滑模控制器(GPI-ITSMC)和基于超扭曲算法的高阶滑模观测器(STHO-ITSMC)。通过仿真分析，验证了这两种控制策略相较于经典滑模控制器具有更快的系统收敛速度、更强的抑制抖振能力和更强的鲁棒性。其中，基于超扭曲算法的高阶滑模观测器(STHO-ITSMC)表现更加卓越。
最后，本文以DSP控制电路为核心，搭建了Buck型DC-DC变换器的电路硬件实验平台，结合传统的PID控制策略和三种滑模控制策略进行对比实验。实验数据表明，基于本文设计的控制器的Buck电路输出电压启动响应更快、抗干扰能力更强，与仿真结果一致。
本文的研究成果对于提高开关电源的电能转换效率和品质具有重要意义，为工业和日常生活中的应用场景提供了更加高效、可靠的电源解决方案。同时，本文的研究方法也为其他类型的开关电源控制策略的研究提供了参考和借鉴。
关键词： Buck型DC-DC变换器、滑模控制、GPI、超扭曲算法、观测器
ABSTRACT
Switch power supply is an indispensable part of modern power electronic equipment, and its high efficiency and high quality power conversion control strategy is of great significance for improving equipment performance and reducing energy consumption.
Taking Buck DC-DC converter, the paper discusses the high efficiency and high quality power conversion control strategy of switching power supply, including the optimal control of input voltage, output voltage, current, power factor and efficiency. This paper first introduces the basic concept and application background of switching power supply, and expounds the importance and research significance of the efficient and high quality power conversion control strategy.
Then, through theoretical analysis and circuit experiment, the circuit principle and three working modes of Buck DC-DC converter are studied, and the continuous conduction mode is selected for the mathematical model construction. Combined with the principle of pulse width modulation, the voltage-current control mode of Buck circuit with outer ring voltage loop control and inner loop current loop control structure is designed. Based on this, two new Buck circuit control strategies are proposed: integral-terminal sliding mode controller (GPI-ITSMC) based on GPI observer and high-order sliding mode observer (STHO-ITSMC) based on hyperdistortion algorithm.
The simulation analysis proves that these two control strategies have faster system convergence, stronger stabilization and stronger robustness compared to the classical sliding mode controller. Among them, the higher-order sliding mode observer (STHO-ITSMC) based on the hyperdistortion algorithm performed even more well. Finally, with DSP control circuit as the core, we build the circuit hardware experiment platform of Buck DC-DC converter, combining with the traditional PID control strategies and three sliding mode control strategies. Experimental data show that the Buck circuit based on the designed controller has a faster output voltage start response and stronger anti-interference ability, which is consistent with the simulation results.
The research results of this paper are of great significance for improving the power conversion efficiency and quality of switching power supply, and provide more efficient and reliable power supply solutions for the application scenarios in industry and daily life. Meanwhile, the research method also provides reference for other types of switching power control strategies.
Keywords: Buck type DC-DC converter, sliding mode control, GPI, Super-Twisting algorithm, sliding mode observer
