尼泊尔国家地形地貌和气候条件很适合发展乳制品业，乳业历史也已经比较悠久，但由于其国内的工业水平相对比较落后，所以乳品市场尤其是乳粉市场还存在很大的发展前景，目前市场上乳粉有些供不应求。该厂坐落在尼泊尔首都加德满都，原来生产液态乳，由于乳粉市场的需求，拟扩建一个全脂速溶乳粉车间。该厂有很多优势，比如有自己的养牛场、便利的交通、充足的水源等。

    随着食品工业的飞跃发展，中国乳品加工业从原料乳到各类成品的每一个加工环节都体现出环保、节能、自动化、信息化特点；工艺流程、车间环境和工艺设备都达到很高的卫生标准；同时以科学为指导，最大限度的保护乳品的营养成分。

    设计者阅读了大量的参考文献资料，进行了相应的衡算和设计，力求符合各项要求。其中主要包括以下几个部分：第一、液态奶车间扩建的可能性，工艺的论证；第二、各部分物料衡算，热量衡算；第三、公共系统几个部分，本设计对公共事业，土建等方面做了初步的设计，对水、电、汽的耗用量进行了估算，最后还做出了必要的技术经济分析。第四、CAD制图。

    设计者设计过程中很好的利用了所学的知识，充分联系了实际。例如在喷雾干燥塔的设计中，出于经济上的考虑，没有使用旋风分离器，而是用布袋过滤器进行细粉的回收。在车间平面布置时，尽量按工艺流程的顺序来安排，务必使生产中占地最少，生产周期最短。同时进行严格、合理的区域划分等，力求达到现代乳品工厂的卫生规范。

    本设计包括设计说明书一份，图纸六张：工艺流程图、车间平面布置图、车间立剖图、车间管路平面布置图、车间管路透视图和全厂平面图各一张。

 

The topography and climatic conditions of Nepal are suitable for the development of dairy industry, and the diary industry had relatively long history. However, the domestic industrial level of Nepal was relatively backward, so the dairy product market, especially milk powder market still existed great prospects for development. As we know, the milk powder supply was on the market. The plant which would be designed located in the Kathmandu, which is the capital of Nepal. Now the main products of this factory are many kinds of liquid milk. Due to the market demand, the factory decided to extend a instant whole milk powder workshop. The plant had may advantages, such as its own cattle farm, convenient transportation, sufficient water supply, etc.

With the rapid development of the food industry, china's dairy industry is more and more mature. From raw milk to all types of products, each of the processing link reflected environmental protection, energy saving, automation, information technology and other characteristics; process, workshop environment and processing equipments have reached a very high hygienic standard. At the same time, we take science as a guide to maximize the protection of the nutritional content of dairy products.

Designers read a lot of reference data and did corresponding material balance calculation to meet all the requirements. What the designers did mainly included the following: first, the possibility of liquid milk plat expansion; second, some of the material balance and energy balance;third, the public system parts, such ad the preliminary design, water, electricity, steam consumption and the necessary technical and economic analysis;forth, CAD drawing.

In the process of designing, designer made good use of the knowledge which learned in and out of the school and contacted with the practice. For example, in the design of the spray dryer, based on economic considerations, the designer used bag filters instead of the cyclone to recover the fine particle. At the same time, to reach the modern dairy plant health norms, the designer did a rigorous and reasonable region.

The design includes a design specification, 6 drawings: Process map, workshop layout plans, post-workshop legislature plans, workshops pipe layout plans, workshops and full-line perspective of a factory floor plan.

 

Key words: instant whole milk powder; dairy processing;milk powder plant design;double-effect evaperator;spay drying