摘    要

输液是病院常用的治疗手段，传统输液过程当中存在着输液速率不精确、必要人工监护等弊病。本文的目的便是计划一种输液监控体系以办理此成绩。

本文计划的液体点滴速率监控装配体系，完成了对输液速率的检测与节制，完成了对储液瓶中液面高度的检测报警，而且静态表现输液速率。应用者可以经由过程按键设置输液速率，体系将主动对输液速率停止节制。别的体系还完成了多机通讯，即一个主站节制一个和主从机之间的数据传输。当输液停止或输液速率产生非常时，从站应用发光二极管和蜂鸣器停止报警，并将报警旌旗灯号经由过程串行口授送至主站，主站经由过程监控软件和蜂鸣器完成声光报警。

体系以8051单片机为焦点，应用两块体系板（主机和从机）构成有线监控体系，主机完成对从机的节制及液体点滴速率的表现和液体点滴速率的键盘节制；从机经由过程焦点电路检测储液瓶中液面高度和液体点滴速率；经由过程从机完成对步进机电节制以完成对储液瓶高下的节制，来完成节制液体点滴速率。

在全体方案计划中，在包管计划体系能达到的标题请求的精度和稳固度的前提下，考虑到体系的简便性、实用性、可靠性，对电路体系停止了优化。

关键词： 点滴速度；光电传感器；步进电机；单片机

ABSTRACT

Infusion is commonly used in hospital treatment, there is a traditional infusion process infusion rate inaccurate necessary artificial guardianship and other ills. Purpose of this article is to plan A liquid transfusing monitoring system in order to handle this achievement.

Liquid drip rate monitoring system herein assembly program, completed the infusion rate of detection and control, completed the reservoir bottle liquid level detection and alarm, and static performance of the infusion rate. Applications can set infusion rate through the button, the system will take the initiative to stop the infusion rate control. Other systems are also completed a multi-machine communication, namely a master control station and a master-slave data transmission between machines. When the infusion is stopped or when the infusion rate is a very, slave application stop emitting diodes and buzzer alarm, and the alarm signal through the serial dictate to the main station, the main station through the complete process monitoring software and sound the buzzer light alarm.

System in 8051 as the focus, the application of two board system (master and slave) constituting the cable monitoring system, the completion of the master and slave control liquid drip rate performance liquid drip rate and keyboard control; slave through the focus circuit detection reservoir bottle drip liquid surface height and speed; from the machine through the completion of the stepping electromechanical control to complete the reservoir bottle compete with restraint, to complete control liquid drip rate.

In all program plan, under the premise of guarantee the accuracy and stability of the planning system to achieve the title of the request, taking into account the system's simplicity, usability, reliability, circuit optimization system stopped.

Key words:   liquid drop speed; photoelectric sensor; Stepper Motor; single chip

目   录

第一章 绪论......................................................................................1

1.1课题背景...............................................................................................1

1.2课题研究的目的和意义.......................................................................1

1.3 输液报警监控系统的方法..................................................................2

1.4 本课题采用的输液报警监控内容方法简介......................................2

1.5本文的结构...........................................................................................3

第二章 输液监控系统的总体方案...................................................4

2.1 输液监控系统的设计依据和目的......................................................4

2.2系统方案论证与比较...........................................................................5

2.2.1 控制方案的比较..........................................................................5

2.2.2点滴检测方案比较.......................................................................5

2.2.3液位监测方案比较.......................................................................5

2.2.4速度控制方案...............................................................................6

2.2.5电机的选择...................................................................................6

2.2.6主从机通信方案...........................................................................7

2.3系统总体框图........................................................................................8

第三章  系统的硬件设计................................................................10

3.1 系统的硬件设计..................................................................................10

3.2 从站各系统单元的设计......................................................................11

3.2.1中央处理单元..............................................................................11

3.2.2点滴信号检测单元......................................................................11

3.2.3点滴信号的比较、滤波、整形电路..........................................12

3.2.4 液位检测单元.............................................................................13

3.2.5检测电路的抗干扰措施..............................................................14

3.2.6声光报警电路..............................................................................14.

3.2.7 步进电机驱动单元（高度调整单元）.....................................15

3.2.8 主从站接口电路.........................................................................16

3.3 主站的硬件电路图及工作原理..........................................................17

3.3.1键盘单元......................................................................................18

3.3.2 数码管显示单元.........................................................................20

3.4 主从站芯片时钟电路..........................................................................21

3.5 主从站复位单元.................................................................................21

3.6 电源电路.............................................................................................22

第四章    液体点滴监控系统的软件设计....................................24

4.1 从站各模块软件设计..........................................................................25

4.1.1 主控模块设计.............................................................................25

4.1.2 点滴速度测量模块设计.............................................................25

4.1.3 电机控制算法.............................................................................27

4.1.3.1 电机控制原理..........................................................................27

4.1.3.2 点滴速度控制..........................................................................28

4.1.4 通信程序通信模块设计.............................................................29

4.1.4.1 串口通信参数设置..................................................................29

4.1.4.2 通信协议约定..........................................................................30

4.1.4.3 主控模块设计..........................................................................31

4.1.5 报警模块设计...................................................................................32

4.2 从站各模块软件设计..........................................................................33

4.2.1 主控模块设计.............................................................................33

4.2.2 输入键盘模块的设计.................................................................33.

4.2.3 数码管显示模块的设计.............................................................34

第五章  总结及展望........................................................................37

5.1总结......................................................................................................37

5.2 展望.....................................................................................................38

5.3心得体会..............................................................................................39

致 谢..................................................................................................................40

附录一  电路原理图…………………...………………………….41

附录二  部分程序清单…………………………………...……….43