摘  要

随着全球焊接技术和钢结构建筑领域的快速发展，JZ-H调直机在矫正焊接过程中产生的H型钢翼板变形方面发挥着至关重要的作用。该设备以其高效、精准的特性，广泛应用于冶金建筑、金属结构加工及焊接等多个领域。JZ-H调直机通过多组上下排列的调直轮对翼板施加精确控制的交替压力，有效修正焊接变形，确保翼板外形精确无误，防止尺寸偏差，从而大幅提升焊接质量和生产效率。本文系统研究了JZ-H调直机的设计过程，包括其分类、工作原理、控制系统、功率计算与分配、受力分析、结构设计以及关键零部件的设计与选择。通过综合分析实际生产需求，对调直机的整体结构和工作性能进行了优化，达到了较高的设计标准。最终设计的JZ-H调直机采用电机驱动下切剪刀式结构，适用于调直直径14mm以下的盘圆H型钢翼板或冷拔H型钢翼板，并能根据需要自动调直和切断，同时去除翼板表面的氧化皮、铁锈和污物。该设备具有良好的机动性、体积小、操作简便且效率高，显著提高了施工速度和施工质量，同时降低了人工和材料成本，减轻了劳动强度，提升了整体劳动生产率。

关键词：JZ-H调直机；钢结构；机械设计；焊接矫正

Abstract

With the rapid development of global welding technology and steel structure construction, the JZ-H straightening machine plays a crucial role in correcting deformations of H-beam flanges that occur during the welding process. This equipment, known for its efficiency and precision, is widely applied in metallurgical construction, metal structure processing, and welding industries, among others. The JZ-H straightening machine employs multiple sets of vertically arranged straightening wheels to apply precisely controlled alternating pressure on the flanges, effectively correcting welding deformations and ensuring accurate flange shapes without dimensional deviations, thereby significantly enhancing welding quality and production efficiency. This paper systematically explores the design process of the JZ-H straightening machine, covering its classification, working principle, control system, power calculation and distribution, force analysis, structural design, and the design and selection of key components. Through a comprehensive analysis of actual production requirements, the overall structure and performance of the straightening machine have been optimized to meet high design standards. The final design features a motor-driven, lower-cutting shear-type JZ-H straightening machine suitable for straightening round H-beam flanges or cold-drawn H-beam flanges with diameters under 14mm, capable of automatic straightening and cutting as needed, while removing surface oxide scales, rust, and dirt. The equipment boasts excellent mobility, compact size, simple operation, and high efficiency, substantially improving construction speed and quality, reducing labor and material costs, alleviating labor intensity, and enhancing overall labor productivity.

Keywords: JZ-H Straightening Machine; Steel Structure; Mechanical Design; Welding Correction

目录

前言 1

1 JZ-H调直机的设计 2

1.1 JZ-H调直机的分类 2

1.2 JZ-H调直机调直剪切原理 2

1.3 JZ-H调直机的主要技术性能 3

1.4 JZ-H调直机工作原理与基本构造 3

2 主要计算 8

2.1 生产率和功率计算 8

2.1.1 生产率计算 8

2.1.2 功率计算，选择电动机 8

2.2 第一组皮带传动机构的设计 12

2.2.1 确定设计功率 12

2.2.2 初选带的型号 12

2.2.3 确定带轮的基准直径和 12

2.2.4 确定中心距a和带的基准长度 13

2.2.5 验算小轮包角 13

2.2.6 计算带的根数 13

2.2.7 计算带作用在轴上的载荷Q 14

2.3 第二组皮带传动机构的设计 14

2.3.1 确定设计功率 14

2.3.2 初选带的型号 14

2.3.3 确定带轮的基准直径和 15

2.3.4 确定中心距a和带的基准长度 15

2.3.5 验算小轮包角 15

2.3.6 计算带的根数 15

2.3.7 计算带作用在轴上的载荷Q 16

2.3.8 主动带轮设计 16

3 直齿轮设计 18

3.1 确定齿轮传动精度等级 18

3.1.1 计算许用应力 19

3.1.2 按齿面接触疲劳强度确定中心距 19

3.1.3 验算齿面接触疲劳强度 20

3.1.4 验算齿根弯曲疲劳强度 21

3.1.5 齿轮主要参数和几何尺寸 21

4 锥齿轮的设计 24

5 轴的设计与强度校核 29

5.1 Ⅰ轴的设计与强度校核 29

5.1.1 轴的结构设计 29

5.1.2 求出齿轮受力 29

5.2 Ⅱ轴的设计与强度校核 31

5.2.1 轴的结构设计 31

5.2.2 求出齿轮受力 32

6 主要零件的规格及加工要求 36

6.1 调直筒及调直块 36

6.2.齿轮 36

6.3.调直机的各传动轴均安装滚动轴承 36

6.4 传送压辊的选用和调整 37

6.5 定长机构的选择与调整 37

7 结论 38

致谢 39

参考文献 40