摘  要

本研究旨在评估机械侧深施肥技术对水稻土壤养分含量的影响。通过对无氮区、无磷区、无钾区、氮磷钾区以及空白区的对采集的土壤样本进行了深入的化学分析，重点检测了土壤中的关键营养成分，包括有机质、氮元素总量、磷元素总量以及可迅速被植物吸收利用的钾元素含量。

实验结果表明，侧深施肥技术显著提高了施肥区域的土壤养分含量。具体来说，氮磷钾区的土壤有机质含量从2.279 g/kg增加到2.875 g/kg，全氮含量从0.014 g/kg增加到0.028 g/kg，全磷含量从0.0014 mg/g增加到0.069 mg/g，速效钾含量从100.1 μg/mL增加到132.7 μg/mL。

这些变化表明，侧深施肥技术能够有效地促进土壤有机质的提升和营养元素的丰富，进而改善土壤肥力和促进水稻生长。此外，施肥处理区域与空白区相比，土壤养分含量的增加更为显著，进一步验证了侧深施肥技术的优越性。本研究结果为精准施肥提供了科学依据，对于提高肥料利用效率和促进可持续农业生产具有重要意义。

关键词：机械侧深施肥；水稻；土壤养分；有机质；全氮；全磷；速效钾

Abstract

This study aimed to evaluate the effect of mechanical side deep fertilization techniques on the nutrient content of rice soil. By analyzing soil samples from nitrogen-free, phosphorus-free, potassium-free, nitrogen-phosphorus potassium, and blank areas, we determined the key nutrient content of organic matter, total nitrogen, whole phosphorus, and quick potassium.

The results show that the lateral deep fertilization technique significantly increased the soil nutrient content in the fertilized area. Specifically, the soil organic matter content in the nitrogen and phosphorus potassium zone increased from 2.279 g/kg to 2.875 g/kg, the total nitrogen content increased from 0.014 g/kg to 0.028 g/kg, the total phosphorus content increased from 0.0014 mg/g to 0.069 mg/g, and the rapid potassium content increased from 100.1μg/mL to 132.7μg/mL.

These changes show that the lateral deep fertilization technology can effectively promote the promotion of soil organic matter and the enrichment of nutrient elements, and then improve soil fertility and promote rice growth. Moreover, the soil nutrient content increased more significantly in the fertilization area compared with the blank area, which further verified the superiority of the lateral deep fertilization technique. The results of this study provide a scientific basis for precise fertilization and have great significance for improving the efficiency of fertilizer utilization and promoting sustainable agricultural production.

Key words: mechanical side deep fertilization; rice; soil nutrients; organic matter; total nitrogen; total phosphorus; quick effect potassium

目  录

摘  要

Abstract

第一章 绪论

1.1选题背景及意义

1.1.1选题背景

1.1.2选题意义

1.2 国内外研究现状及发展趋势

1.2.1 国内研究现状

1.2.2 国外研究现状

1.2.3 发展趋势

1.3 本文研究主要内容

第二章 材料与方法

2.1 目标与实施时间

2.1.1 实验目标

2.1.2 试验时间

2.2材料与方法

2.2.1试验地点

2.2.2 土壤的基本特性分析

2.2.3 供试作物

2.2.4 供试施肥机械

2.2.5 试验用肥料准备

2.2.6 实验方案布置

2.2.7 实验操作流程

第三章 结果与分析

3.1 施肥处理对水稻产量的影响

3.2 施肥处理对水稻养分含量的影响

3.3 施肥处理对水稻肥料利用效率的影响

3.4 研究小结

第四章 总结与展望

4.1 总结

4.2 展望

参考文献

致  谢